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1、5期趙全志等：水稻根系與葉片光合特性的關系5水稻根系與葉片光合特性的關系趙全志，喬江方，劉輝，田志強（河南農業(yè)大學/河南省作物生長發(fā)育調控重點實驗室，鄭州450002）摘要：【目的】揭示水稻根系與葉片光合特性之間的聯(lián)系?！痉椒ā吭谒鄺l件下以水稻幼苗為材料，研究不同剪根方式對水稻葉片光合速率、氣孔導度和蒸騰速率的影響效應。【結果】剪除全部根系后，頂一葉葉片的光合速率、氣孔導度和蒸騰速率分別立即平均下降10.25％、53.99％和46.26％。剪除一半根系時，頂一、二葉的光合速率比斷根前分別下降0.05％和8.51％，氣孔導度分別下降24.03
2、％和35.80％，蒸騰速率分別下降21.22%和30.93%；進一步剪除剩余全部根系時，頂一、二葉的光合速率比斷根前分別下降12.57％和17.22％，氣孔導度分別下降55.86％和61.84％，蒸騰速率分別下降50.96％、55.96％?！窘Y論】根系與地上部葉片光合特性間存在密切的直接關系。關鍵詞：水稻；根系；光合速率；氣孔導度；蒸騰速率RelationshipBetweenRootandLeafPhotosyntheticCharacteristicinRiceZHAOQuan-zhi,QIAOJiang-fang,LIUHui,TIAN
3、Zhi-qiang(KeyLaboratoryofCropGrowthandDevelopmentRegulation/HenanProvinceHenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002)Abstract:【Objective】Inordertopromulgatebetweentherootsystemandtheleafphotosynthesischaracteristiccontacts,【Method】theeffectsofwipingoutrootsonriceleafphotosy
4、ntheticrateandstomatalconductanceandtranspirationratewerestudiedwithriceseedlingsolutionexperiments.【Result】Theresultsindicatedthatthefirstleafphotosynthesisrateandstomatalconductanceandtranspirationrateofwipingoutupperrootweredecreasedimmediatelyby10.25%,53.99%and46.26%res
5、pectively.Whenwipingouthalfroot,thephotosynthesisrateofthefirstandsecondleavesdecreasedimmediatelyby0.05%and8.51%.Thestomatalconductancedecreasedimmediatelyby24.03%and35.80%,andthetranspirationratedecreasedimmediatelyby21.22%and30.93%.Whenfurtherwipingoutsurpluscompleteroot
6、,thephotosynthesisrateofthefirstandsecondleavesdecreasedimmediatelyby12.57%and17.22%,thestomatalconductancedecreasedimmediatelyby55.86%and61.84%,thetranspirationratedecreasedimmediatelyby50.96%and55.96%.【Conclusion】Thereisadirectrelationshipbetweentherootsystemandtheleafpho
7、tosynthesis.Keywords:Rice;Root;Photosyntheticrate;Stomatalconductance;Transpirationrate5期趙全志等：水稻根系與葉片光合特性的關系50引言【研究意義】作物產量和品質的形成是根系與地上部共同作用的結果。自1923年Weaver首先開展水稻根系研究以來，有關根系與地上部的關系一直受到人們的關注?！厩叭搜芯窟M展】王澤港等在分蘗盛期將水稻根系分成兩部分，將其中一部分在抽穗開花期進行一定時間的干旱脅迫，結果表明，一半根系受干旱脅迫一定時間后水稻葉片的光合速率明顯降低[
8、1]。武永軍等發(fā)現(xiàn)控制1/2根區(qū)交替供水和固定1/2根區(qū)減少供水時，玉米葉片的光合速率變化不明顯，而蒸騰速率明顯下降[2]。柴世偉等研究了傷根后20d玉米光合作用的
