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1、浙江林學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)2008．25(6)：711—717JournalofZhejiangForestryCollege秦嶺油松人工林與次生林群落特征比較景麗，朱志紅，王孝安，郭華(陜西師范大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院，陜西西安710062)摘要：采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣地法對秦嶺旬陽壩地區(qū)油松Pintabulaeformis次生林與人工林進(jìn)行了群落學(xué)調(diào)查研究，旨在比較天然油松林遭砍伐后經(jīng)過自然恢復(fù)或人工栽植恢復(fù)40a左右群落的特征差異結(jié)果表明：天然恢復(fù)次生林有維管植物66科104屬134種．人．T-林有維管植物73科104屬125種．2種群落含12個(gè)種的科均較多；人工林與次生林共有種為70種．種
2、類組成相似系數(shù)為53．03％2種群落的垂直結(jié)構(gòu)相似，都分為喬木、灌木和草本3層，喬木層又分3個(gè)亞層：人工林喬木層、灌木層密度低于次生林，草本層密度高于次生林2種群落物種多樣性指數(shù)中，Shannon—Wiener指數(shù)、Margalef指數(shù)和Richness指數(shù)的大小順序均為灌木層>草本層>喬木層，Simpson指數(shù)均為喬木層>草本層>灌木層，Evenness指數(shù)的變化不一致，天然次生林為灌木層>草本層>喬木層，人工林為灌木層>喬木層>草本層；次生林喬木層的物種豐富度指數(shù)顯著高于人工林．而均勻度指數(shù)顯著低于人工林：人工林與次生林灌木層各多樣性指數(shù)無明顯差異：人工林草本層
3、的優(yōu)勢度顯著高于次生林人工林凋落物厚度顯著高于次生林，土壤營養(yǎng)指標(biāo)在2種群落間均無明顯差異上述結(jié)果說明，經(jīng)過40a左右的恢復(fù)，人工林與次生林群落特征已達(dá)到一定程度的相似性，油松適合作為該地區(qū)的造林樹種恢復(fù)天然植被表9參21關(guān)鍵詞：森林生態(tài)學(xué)：秦嶺：油松：人工林；天然次生林：群落特征：物種多樣性中圖分類號：$718．54：Q948．15文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號：1000—5692(2008)06．0711—07CommunitycharacteristicsofaPinustabulaeformissecondaryforestandaplantedforestinth
4、eXunyangbaRegionoftheQinlingMountainsJINGLi，ZHUZhi—hong，WANGXiao—an，GUOHua(CollegeofLifeSciences，ShaanxiNormalUniversity，Xi’an710062，Shaanxi，China)Abstract：Basedonthesurveyanddatafrom8plots，thecommunitycharacteristicsofanaturalsee—ondaryforestofPinustabulaeformisandPtabulaeformisplanta
5、tionwerecomparedusingastandardquadratmethod，inordertoknowinfluenceofdifferentmanagementstyleonrestorationofthecommunitiesafterdisafforestabout40years．Analysesincludeduseofthesimilarity，Shannon—Wiener，Margalef，Richness，Simpson’SDominance，andEvennessIndices．Mainresultsasfollow：(1)Theseco
6、ndaryforestconsistedof134vascularspeciesbelongingto66familiesand104genera，whereastheplantedforestincluded125vas—cularspeciesin73familiesand104genera．Thefamilieswhichincludedlto2specieswereplentifulinthetwocommunities．Asimilarityindexof53．0％wasobtainedwith70CO—occurringspecies．(2)Thever
7、ticalstructureofbothcommunitiescontainedtree，shrub，andherblayers．withthetreelayersubdividedintothreelayers．Plantdensityinthetreeandshrublayersoftheplantationwaslowerthanthesecondaryforest(P<0．05)，butdensityintheherblayerwashigher(P<0．05)．(3)Fromtheangleofspatialpatterns，inbothseconda
