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1、分類號(hào):學(xué)校代碼:10128UDC:學(xué)號(hào):20061141碩士學(xué)位論文(類別:全日制碩士研究生題目:羥基磷灰石納米粒子的制備與表征英文題目:SynthesisandcharacterizationofHydroxyapatiteNanoparticle研究生:付拴平學(xué)科名稱:化學(xué)工藝指導(dǎo)教師:牟占軍教授二○○九年六月摘要羥基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite簡稱HAP或HA)作為骨骼和牙齒中硬組織的主要無機(jī)成分,具有良好的生物活性、生物相容性和無毒性,在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域被廣泛用作損傷骨的填充和修復(fù)替代材料。近年來,對(duì)羥基磷灰石納米粒子的合成工藝研究引起人們密切關(guān)注。本文
2、分別采用微乳液法和化學(xué)沉淀法的酸堿中和反應(yīng)制備了羥基磷灰石納米粒子,并借助透射電鏡、射線晶體衍射、紅外等測(cè)試手段,對(duì)其各方面性能進(jìn)行了表征。研究了實(shí)驗(yàn)條件對(duì)羥基磷灰石納米粒子的粒徑的影響,并對(duì)這兩種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。微乳液法是在常壓下以硝酸鈣(Ca(NO3)2·4H2O)和磷酸氫二銨((NH4)2HPO4)為原料,以CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化銨)為乳化劑,以正戊醇為助表面活性劑,氨水為pH調(diào)節(jié)劑制備HA粒子。微乳液所制備出HA粒子呈棒狀或纖維狀,且大小均勻,分散性好,平均粒徑長為40-50納米,直徑約15-20納米,尺寸和形狀接近人體骨磷灰石結(jié)構(gòu),經(jīng)過65
3、0℃煅燒后,粒子的粒徑變長,約為80-90納米,直徑變寬,約為20-25納米。并在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程考察了實(shí)驗(yàn)條件對(duì)納米HA粒子粒徑的影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明納米HA粒子的粒徑隨ω值、反應(yīng)溫度、陳化時(shí)間、助表面活性劑的增加而增加,而隨著反應(yīng)物濃度、pH值的增加反而減??;化學(xué)沉淀法的酸堿中和反應(yīng),是以Ca(OH)2和H3PO4為主要原料制備納米HA粒子,呈棒狀,平均粒徑長為90-100納米,直徑約為20-25納米,且粒度不均勻,納米HA粒子粒徑隨著反應(yīng)溫度的升高而增大。關(guān)鍵詞:微乳液;表面活性劑;羥基磷灰石;納米粒子AbstractHydroxyapatite(HA),asthem
4、aininorganiccomponentofthehardtissuesinbonesandteeth,iswidelystudiedandhasbeenusedinclinicalapplicationtofillorrestoredamagedhumancalcifiedtissuebecauseofitsexcellentbioactivity,biocompatibilityandnontoxicity.Increasingimportancehasbeenattachedtopreparationmethodsofnano-hydroxyapatite
5、recently.Butwestillhavemanyproblemsinstudythepreparationofhydroxyapatite.Inthisthsis,hydroxyapatitemamoparticlesweresynthesizedbythereversemicroemulsionmethodandthechemicalprecipitationmethod.TEM,XRD,IRwereusedtocharacterizethesamples.Theeffectthatwasinducedbytheexperimentparameteront
6、hecharacterizationofthenanoparticleshasalsobeendeeplyresearched.HydroxyapatitenanoparticlesthatweresynthesizedbytheneutralizationwithCa(NO3)2·4H2Oand(NH4)2HPO4usedasthereactantswereinshapeofshortrodsorneedles.Calciumphosphatemamowirescouldbeobtainedinthereversemicroemulsionsofionicsur
7、factant,N-pentanoltocosurfactant,ammoniaasapHregulatorpreparedHAparticles.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatnano-HAparticlesincreaseswiththeωvalueofparticlesize,reationtemperature,agingtime,cosurfactantincreases,andwiththereactantconcentration,pHvaluesincreaseindecrease.Theaveragesizewas4
8、0-50n