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1、第32卷第6期作物學(xué)報(bào)Vo1.32,No.62006年6月827~832頁ACTAAGRONOMICASINICAPP.827—832Jun.,2006小麥高效吸收和利用磷素的生理機(jī)制郭程瑾李賓興王斌李雁鳴肖凱(河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院,河北保定071001;國家救災(zāi)備荒種子管理中心,河北石家莊050011)摘要:以典型的不同磷效率小麥品種為材料,對磷高效小麥品種高效吸收和高效利用磷素的生理機(jī)制進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,在缺磷條件下,與低效型品種(L)相比,吸收高效型品種(Ha)和利用高效型品種(Hu)較高的籽粒產(chǎn)量,分別
2、與各自較強(qiáng)的磷吸收能力和磷利用效率密切相關(guān)。在缺磷條件下,單株次生根數(shù)以Ha最多,次生根系粗度(根系半徑)和單位土體根系干重均以Ha最大,Hu次之,L最小。在拔節(jié)期、抽穗期和灌漿中期的根系TrC還原力、可溶蛋白含量和根系分泌的酸性磷酸化酶(APase)活性均以Ha最高,Hu次之,L最低。隨著生長進(jìn)程,葉片的APase活性不斷增加,在缺磷條件下,各測定時(shí)期均以Hu最高??梢奌a在磷脅迫下對磷素吸收量的增加,是根系形態(tài)和根體構(gòu)型改變、土壤中難溶性磷活化效率增加的結(jié)果;Hu磷利用效率的提高,一定程度上是由于其葉片較高A
3、Pse活性相對改善植株磷的代謝周轉(zhuǎn)和再利用能力所致。關(guān)鍵詞:小麥(Triticumaestlvum);磷吸收高效;磷利用高效;生理機(jī)制中圖分類號:s512PhysiologicalMechanismsofAbsorptionandUseofPhosphOrBSwithHighEficiencyinWheatCultivarsGUOCheng-Jin,LIBin-Xing,WANGBin,LIYah.MingandXIAOKai,(ColegeofAgron。my,HebeiAgriculturalUniversi
4、ty,Baodingo7l00l,Hebei;Center0fSeedAdministrati。nforNm~alDisasterPreparationandSavi“g0fChina.S~iazhuang050011,Hebei,China)Abstract:objectiveofthisstudywastoexplorethephysiologicalmechanismsofphosphorusabsorptionandutilizationinthetypicalwheatcultivarswithdife
5、rentphosphorus(P)eficiencies.resultsindicatedthatthegrainvields0fthecultivarswithhighPabsorptioneficiency(Ha)andhighPutilizationeficiency(Hu)undertheP_deficientconditi0nwerehigherthanthatwithlowPeficiency(L)whichwasrelatedtothemorePaccumulationandthehigherPus
6、eeficiencv。respectively(Fig.1).UnderP-deficientcondition,thesecondaryrootnumber,theradiusofsecondaryrootandtherootdryweightperunitsoilwerethehighestinHa,themiddleinHu,andthelowestinL(Fig.2).rootTTCreductiveactivity,thesolubleproteincontentofrootandtheactivity
7、ofsecretedacidphosphatase(APase)fromrootatthejointing,spikingandmid-fillingstageswerealsothehighestinHa,themiddleinHu,andthelowestinL(Fig.3—5).leAPaseactivitiesinthespringf0urthleafandflagleafwereincreasedwiththeleafgrowunderthesuficientordeftcientconditi0ns.
8、Underthedeficientcondition,theAPaseactivitiesmeasuredinwholeexperimentwerethehighestinHu(Fig.6).ItwasinferredthattheincreaseofPabsorptioninHaunderdeficientconditionwasduetotheimIprovement