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1、應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào)2010年1月第21卷第1期ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Jan.2010,21(1):48-52干旱脅迫對(duì)不同耐旱性玉米雜交種產(chǎn)量3和根系生理特性的影響33齊偉張吉旺王空軍劉鵬董樹亭(山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院作物生物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,山東泰安271018)摘要通過盆栽人工模擬干旱試驗(yàn),研究了全生育期中度干旱脅迫對(duì)不同耐旱性玉米雜交種(耐旱:京科628;不耐旱:農(nóng)大95)產(chǎn)量及根系生理特性的影響.結(jié)果表明:干旱脅迫下,耐旱玉米產(chǎn)量比對(duì)照減少3317%,不耐旱玉米則比對(duì)照減少6213%.干旱脅迫下,玉米根系生物量降
2、低且最大值出現(xiàn)時(shí)間提前,與對(duì)照相比,不耐旱玉米根冠比升高,耐旱玉米根冠比前期升高后期降低;根系活力降低,不耐旱玉米根系活力降低幅度大于耐旱玉米;根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性前期高于對(duì)照后期低于對(duì)照,耐旱玉米根系SOD活性開始低于對(duì)照的時(shí)間比不耐旱玉米晚;根系丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,隨干旱脅迫處理時(shí)間的延長,不耐旱玉米MDA含量比對(duì)照升高的幅度大于耐旱玉米;根系可溶性蛋白含量降低,不耐旱玉米的降低幅度大于耐旱玉米.干旱脅迫下耐旱玉米雜交種根系活力﹑根系SOD活性及可溶性蛋白含量較高,減緩了根系的衰老進(jìn)程,延長了根系功能期,這可能是耐旱玉米雜交種在
3、干旱脅迫下仍能獲得較高產(chǎn)量的重要原因之一.關(guān)鍵詞玉米耐旱性產(chǎn)量根系特性文章編號(hào)1001-9332(2010)01-0048-05中圖分類號(hào)S513文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼AEffectsofdroughtstressonthegrainyieldandrootphysiologicaltraitsofmaizevarietieswithdifferentdroughttolerance.QIWei,ZHANGJi2wang,WANGKong2jun,LIUPeng,DONGShu2ting(StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,Colle
4、geofAgronomy,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,Shandong,China).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2010,21(1):48-52.Abstract:Apotexperimentwasconductedtostudytheeffectsofsimulatedmoderatedroughtinwholegrowthperiodonthegrainyieldandrootphysiologicaltraitsofdrought2tolerantmaizevarietyJ
5、K2628anddrought2sensitivemaizevarietyND295.Comparedwiththecontrol,thegrainyieldofJK2628andND295underthestressofmoderatedroughtwasdecreasedby3317%and6213%,re2spectively.Underdroughtstress,therootbiomassofthetwovarietiesdecreased,withthemaximumvalueappearedahead.Theroot/shootrati
6、oofJK2628increasedatearlygrowthstagebutdecreasedatlategrowthstage,whilethatofND295increasedallalong.ND295hadalargerdecrementofrootactivitythanJK2628.TherootSODactivityindrought2stressplantswashigherinprophasebutlow2erinanaphase,comparedwiththatinthecontrol,andthetimeofSODactivi
7、tybeguntolowerwaslaterforJK2628thanforND295.TherootMDAcontentindrought2stressplantswasincreased,andtheincrementwasmuchhigherforND295thanforJK2628.Inaddition,therootsolubleproteincontentindrought2stressplantswasdecreased,andND295hadalargerdecrementthanJK2628.Inaword,underdrought
8、stress,therootactivity,SODactivity,andsolubleproteinco