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1、合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點設(shè)計的研究姓名:黃長喜申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):控制理論與控制工程指導(dǎo)教師:張崇巍20060801無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點設(shè)計的研究摘要隨著社會發(fā)展的需求和通信技術(shù)、嵌入式系統(tǒng)和傳感器技術(shù)的進(jìn)展,具有感知、計算和無線通信能力的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN)引起了人們的極大關(guān)注。本文以設(shè)計無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點為目的,對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的起源和發(fā)展、研究現(xiàn)狀,以及幾項關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的了解,探討了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點研制的基本原則和思想。筆者認(rèn)為低能耗、可擴展性與靈活性是一個WSN系統(tǒng)成功的關(guān)鍵,實現(xiàn)
2、這些要求需要在節(jié)點硬軟件、系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和運行策略上進(jìn)行深入的探討和周密的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計。論文工作中采用8位低功耗MCU芯片ATmegal28和射頻芯片CCl000進(jìn)行了一款無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點的結(jié)構(gòu)與原理設(shè)計。研究支持開放源代碼的TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)移植的嵌入式設(shè)計,重點研究其低功耗機制。論文工作中對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的時間同步技術(shù)做了一些研究,在節(jié)點設(shè)計中實現(xiàn)了TPSN算法。在一個軟硬件試驗平臺上對兩節(jié)點之間的TPSN時間同步算法進(jìn)行測試,試驗結(jié)果說明了設(shè)計的有效性。論文工作是對新型WSN的一個嘗試,為進(jìn)一步工作打下了基礎(chǔ)。關(guān)鍵詞:無
3、線傳感N-N絡(luò)節(jié)點TinyOS操作系統(tǒng)時問同步StudyOiltheDesignofWSNNodeAbstractTomeettheneedofsocialdevelopmentandwiththeevolutioninthetechnologiesofcommunication,embeddedsystemandsensors,thewirelesssensornetworkfWSN)featuringtheabilityofsensing,computingandwirelesscommunicationalread
4、yattractswideattention.AimedatthedesignofthesensornodeinaWSN.thedissertationcarriedoutasoundstudyonthedevelopment,presentstatus,somekeytechnique,aswellasthebasicprinciplesandphilosophyofWSN.Theauthorbelievesthatlow-power—consumptionexpandabilityandflexibilityshou
5、ldbethekeyconsiderationstothesuccessofaWSN,andtoachievetheserequirementsnecessitatesdeepstudyandcarefuIdesignfurthenode’shardware/software,systemconfigurationandoperationalstrategy.ThedissertationworkcarriedthedesignofaWSNnodebasedonan8bitlow—powermicrocontroller
6、ATmegal28andwirelesstransceiverchipCCl000,thetransplantingandembeddingofopen—codedTinyOSoperatingsystemwiththeemphasisonthemechanismoflowpowerconsumption.Theworkalsostudiedthetiming.svnchronizationinaWSNandimplementedTPSNalgorithminthenode’sdesign.Atesthadbeenper
7、funnedfurtheTPSNbetweentwonodesonatestplatformandtheresultverifiedtheeffectivenessofthealgorithm.ThedissertationworkisjustabeginningofthefurtherdevelopmentofnewWSN.Keywords:WirelessSensorNetwork(WSN),Node,TinyOSOperatingSystem,Timing—Synchronization.插圖清單典型無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)
8、結(jié)構(gòu)........????.???傳感器節(jié)點結(jié)構(gòu)框圖.???..?......???..Mica系列傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點.........??????..傳感器節(jié)點結(jié)構(gòu)框圖.???????.???無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點結(jié)構(gòu)圖..........................AVRATmegal28的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)??.??.??