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1、情態(tài)動詞1.情態(tài)動詞的推測表達(dá)2.情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)虛擬語氣3.某些情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法一、知識重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)總結(jié)知識重點(diǎn):情態(tài)動詞在表達(dá)推測意義的句子中的運(yùn)用:(一)用情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)事實(shí)的推測。can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達(dá)對事實(shí)的推測。根據(jù)說話人對事實(shí)的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may/might/can/could表示“可能……”,must只用于肯定句中,may/might的否定式maynot/mightnot表示“可能不……”,而can/could可以用于疑問句,表示“可能,可能……嗎
2、?”,其否定式can’t/couldn’t表示“不可能”。用情態(tài)動詞可以對現(xiàn)在或過去的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測。對不同的時間內(nèi)容推測有不同的結(jié)構(gòu)。(二)對現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測:主要結(jié)構(gòu):…must/may/might+動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be+doing例句:1.YoumustbeJeanne.I’mMathildeLoisel.Weusedtoknoweachotherverywell.2.Theymustbeinbedalreadyatthistimeofthenight.3.Theteachermustbejo
3、king.4.Fredaisn’tinclass.Shemustbesick.5.Theremustbesomethingwrong.6.Shemightbeveryclever,butshehasn’tgotmuchcommonsense.7.Hemaybearrivingthisevening.8.Hemaybetravelingaroundtheworld.9.Thekeyscan’tbeintheroom.Ihavejustsearcheditverycarefully.10.Canthenewsbetrue?
4、(三)對過去的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測:結(jié)構(gòu):情態(tài)動詞+havedone/been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句:1.Mrs.Longmansmusthavebeenaprettygirlinheryouth.2.Hecouldn’thaveseenAnnayesterday.She’sgoneabroad.3.IthinkImusthaveleftmyglassesinthelibrary.4.Hemighthaveoversleptagain.5.WherecanTomhavegone?情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)虛擬語氣:表達(dá)“本來…”,“不
5、然早就…”。這是情態(tài)動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法。表示說話人所講的與所發(fā)生的事實(shí)相反。表達(dá)了說話人的埋怨,后悔的語氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)是在一些情態(tài)動詞后面加havedone結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)要表達(dá)的意思,有如下結(jié)構(gòu):shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone:本應(yīng)該……shouldn’thavedone/oughtn’ttohavedone:本不該……couldhavedone:本來可以……needn’thavedone:本來沒必要……wouldliketohavedone:本來很想……wouldrathernothaved
6、one:本來不愿意……could/might/havedone:不然早就……例句:1.Youshouldn’thavelaughedathismistakes.2.Youcouldhavetoldusearlier.3.Ioughttohaveboughtthatdictionarylastweek.4.Yououghtnottohavespentsomuchtimeinreadingnovels.5.Weneednothavebeeninatearinghurrytocatchthetrain.6.Theywould
7、liketohaveseenthatfilmlastfilm.7.Ifhehadgivenmehisnumber,Icouldhavetelephonedhim.8.Theymighthavebeenfrozentodeathbutfortherescueintime.知識難點(diǎn):某些情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法:need和dare的兩種形式的用法need和dare可以用做實(shí)義動詞,后面接不定式(todo)結(jié)構(gòu),在疑問句和否定句中,加助動詞do/does/did/或don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。作為情態(tài)動詞使用時,主要
8、用于疑問句和否定句中。情態(tài)動詞needn’t(沒有必要,不必)相當(dāng)于don’thaveto例句:1.Itiscold,youneedtowearsomewarmclothes.2.NeedIstayherewithyouforawhile?Thankyou,youneedn’t.3.Howdareyouspeaktoparents