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1、中南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī)溫控系統(tǒng)的研制與開發(fā)姓名:陶吉利申請學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):交通信息工程及控制指導(dǎo)教師:魯五一20040401摘要隨著電子器件微型化及SMT(表面貼裝技術(shù))的發(fā)展,熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī)應(yīng)用日益廣泛。由于在熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī)的控制過程中,被控參數(shù)具有非線性、不確定性等因素,傳統(tǒng)的PID控制器難以取得滿意的控制效果。本文實(shí)現(xiàn)了用下位機(jī)改進(jìn)PID控制算法進(jìn)行熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī)的計(jì)算機(jī)控制。同時(shí),針對(duì)回流焊機(jī)溫區(qū)多,人工參數(shù)整定效率低的問題,研究了PID參數(shù)自整定的方法。并在下位機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了上位機(jī)插值模糊PID控制算法。本文所做主要工作如下所示:l、針對(duì)熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī)自身特點(diǎn)和生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場需要
2、,設(shè)計(jì)了一整套多CPu嵌入式硬件系統(tǒng),并在此基礎(chǔ)上,編制了與硬件電路配套的各軟件模塊。同時(shí),采用了較為新穎的軟硬結(jié)合、相互制約的系統(tǒng)抗干擾措施。2、提出了簡化的單參數(shù)黃金分割法PID參數(shù)自整定方法,并根據(jù)現(xiàn)場有可測擾動(dòng)的情況,研究了將前饋和變速積分PID反饋控制相結(jié)合,運(yùn)用到溫控對(duì)象上的方法。3、針對(duì)下位機(jī)控制方法的某些不足,提出了基于上位機(jī)的模糊PID參數(shù)在線自校正方法,同時(shí)為克服模糊控制對(duì)E、EC不易劃分過細(xì),而回流焊機(jī)系統(tǒng)必須對(duì)擾動(dòng)作出及時(shí)反應(yīng)的矛盾,提出簡化的插值法模糊PID參數(shù)在線自校正算法,并給出了MATLAB仿真實(shí)例。4、采用半圖形化的虛擬儀器語言LABwIND0ws/CVI開發(fā)
3、了界面友好,功能完善的上位機(jī)監(jiān)控程序。目前,采用下位機(jī)控制方式的單片機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)己可完全取代PLc監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),并已投入試運(yùn)行,穩(wěn)態(tài)控制精度可達(dá)到±3℃。關(guān)鍵詞:熱風(fēng)回流焊機(jī),PID參數(shù)自整定,黃金分割法,模糊自校正ABSTRACTThedevelopingofsMT(SurfaceMountTechnology)andelectroniccomponentminiaturizationhasmaderenowsolderingsystemapplicationwidely.Intheprocessofcontrollingthesystem,becausetheprocessparametersa
4、renonlinearandnon—fixed,thetraditionalPIDcontr01lerwasdi塒c11lttoacquirethesatisfyingcontrolresult.Thepaperaccomplishedthesirocco—circumnuencereflowsolderingsystemcontrolbytheadVancedPIDalgorithminslaVemachine.Tos01vetheproblemofinefficientmanualparameterstuningofthemulti—chamberoven,themethodsofPIDp
5、arametersself_tuningwasstudied.Onbaseoftheslavemachinemethods,theinte叩olationfUzzy—PIDparametersonlineselfItuningalgorithminmastermachinewasputforward.Themainworkwaslistedasf“1.w,s:1.7110meettheneedofitstraitanditspracticalproduction,themulti—CPUembeddedhardwaredesignandtherelevantsoftwaredesignwasf
6、inished.Funhermore,thenovelanti.jammingmeasurewasadoptedbycombiningofthehardwareandsoftwarewhichwerebomrestricted.2.AnsimplifiedPIDself二tuningmethodusinggoldensectionsingleparameteroptimizationwasputfbrward,andaccordingtotheexistofdetecteddisturbinspot,feedfbrwardandalterableintegralPIDf色edbackcompo
7、undcontrolalgorithmwhichwasappliedinthetemperatureobjectisstudied.3.Aimedatsomedefectsofcontrolalgorithminslavemachine,thefuzzy-PIDparameteronlineself-tuningalgorithmbasedonmastermachineisdeveloped.Be