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1、中文摘要摘要傳統(tǒng)民居建筑是我國傳統(tǒng)建筑中的重要組成部分,它與廣大人民生活、生產(chǎn)息息相關(guān),它設(shè)計靈活、功能合理、構(gòu)造經(jīng)濟(jì)、外觀樸實(shí),并密切結(jié)合自然環(huán)境,具有濃厚的民族特色和地方風(fēng)格,是我國傳統(tǒng)建筑中的寶貴遺產(chǎn)。東北地區(qū)包括黑龍江、吉林、遼寧三省,地形地貌豐富,冬季漫長嚴(yán)寒,夏季炎熱潮濕,寒暑變化明顯。東北地區(qū)是一個以漢族為主體的多民族地區(qū),各民族的生活習(xí)俗由于從事生產(chǎn)方式的不同而有所差異,各民族的民俗文化在長期的交往和融合中,形成了具有強(qiáng)烈地域特色的各式民居,但還保持著各自的民族特色。本文從東北地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居
2、的平面形態(tài)、空間形態(tài)、構(gòu)造技術(shù)、居住文化等各方面進(jìn)行分析,概括東北民居在適應(yīng)寒冷氣候、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)情況、民族文化差異等各方面的地方性特色做法,總結(jié)出東北民居營造技術(shù)的地域性特點(diǎn),并以此來把握民居營建從選址到建筑落成的詳細(xì)過程,體會民居營建與居住文化的關(guān)系,為傳統(tǒng)民居的保護(hù)更新、開展城市特色建設(shè)以及更好地保存和弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化而服務(wù)。關(guān)鍵詞:傳統(tǒng)民居,東北地區(qū),平面形態(tài),空間形態(tài),構(gòu)造技術(shù),居住文化,營造技術(shù)I英文摘要ABSTRACTTraditionalresidenceisanimportantpartoftr
3、aditionalarchitectureofourcountry,anditiscloselycontactswithlivingandproductionofpeople.Ithasflexibledesign,reasonablefunction,economicalstructureandunadornedappearance.Moreover,itinosculateswithentironmentandhasthecharacteristicofnationalitiesandprovinci
4、alism.Itisanpreciouslegacyoftraditionalarchitectureofourcountry.NortheastChina,whichconsistsofHeilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,ischaracterizedbyharshcontrastsandvariedlandscapes.HardwintersandverywarmsummersarecharacteristicsofNortheastChina’sclimate.Theregion
5、ismainlyoftheHannationality,whilethecustomofeverynationalityisdifferentaccordingtotheproducingmodeandvariedtraditionalresidenceisformedinthecommunicationandincorporationaswellastheculture,butnationalfeatureisstillpreserved.Thistexttrytoanalyzesystematical
6、lymanyaspectsofNortheastresidencesuchasplanemodality,dimensionalmodality,tectonictechnique,residentialcultureandsoon.Throughsummarizedthemunicipalmethodsofkeepingpacewiththehardweather,socialeconomycondition,nationalcultureandconcludedtheregionallycharact
7、eristicsofconstructingtechniqueinNortheasttograspthedetailedprocessofconstructionfromlocationchoicetofinishing,haveanunderstandingoftherelationshipoftheresidentialcultureandconstructingandfurthermore.Thestudyofferhelptoprotectandrenewtraditionalresidence,
8、developthefeatureconstructionofcitiesandcarryforwardthetraditionalculture.Keywords:Traditionalarchitectureofresidence,Northeastregion,Planemodality,Dimensionalmodality,Tectonictechnique,Residentialculture,Constructi