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1、合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文棉花專用緩釋肥的制備及其應(yīng)用研究姓名:郭德清申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:韓效釗20081001棉花專用緩釋復(fù)合肥的制備及其應(yīng)用研究摘要本文通過對棉花需肥規(guī)律、棉田土壤肥力、包膜材料選用、投料選擇、產(chǎn)品制各及經(jīng)濟(jì)適用性、生產(chǎn)過程中安全與環(huán)境的影響等進(jìn)行分析,提出一種棉花專用肥配方:18—9—18(N:P205:K20),其中總養(yǎng)分含量≥45%,每100kg添加硼砂l(fā)kg、硫酸鋅lkg;采用“半料漿法噴漿造粒+尿液涂膜+防結(jié)緩釋劑包裹”的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)路線,并在現(xiàn)有復(fù)混肥裝置基
2、礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行局部技改生產(chǎn)棉花專用緩釋肥,通過調(diào)整主要原材料投入量來調(diào)整產(chǎn)品養(yǎng)分,調(diào)整緩釋劑投入量來調(diào)整肥料養(yǎng)分釋放性能,從而滿足作物需肥種類及其用量的同時(shí),做到養(yǎng)分釋放與作物對養(yǎng)分需求規(guī)律相吻合。通過土培法與強(qiáng)化浸泡法測定總養(yǎng)分釋放速率,且分別擬合其養(yǎng)分釋放直線方程,建立兩者相關(guān)性方程:h=15.3590t2.2.9402,并據(jù)其計(jì)算肥效期和不同時(shí)間總養(yǎng)分實(shí)際釋放率,作為緩釋肥料生產(chǎn)過程在線檢測的手段。通過進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn),探索棉花專用緩釋肥的應(yīng)用方法和應(yīng)用效果,優(yōu)選出適合當(dāng)?shù)氐拿藁▽S镁忈尫首罴咽┓史桨?。試?yàn)表
3、明:棉花專用配方緩釋肥,養(yǎng)分釋放基本與棉花生長所需同步。施肥次數(shù)改為“一基一追”2次或“一基多噴”1次,簡化了施肥,且肥料利用率提高。在科學(xué)施肥方法上:采用一次基肥(加有機(jī)肥)加一次追肥的處理,單株成鈴數(shù)比常規(guī)施肥處理多2.8個(gè),667m/產(chǎn)皮棉104.91kg,比對照增產(chǎn)9.37%,增產(chǎn)效應(yīng)顯著,是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)適用環(huán)境友好型緩釋肥料。關(guān)鍵字:緩釋復(fù)合肥棉花專用制備應(yīng)用StudyonthePreparationandApplicationoftheSlowReleaseFertilizerSpecialfor
4、CottonAbstractThisarticlesynthesizedthepatternofrequirementoffertilizerandsoilfertilityofthecottonfield,Onthebasisofsummarizingandanalyzingthetraditionaldevelopingmethods,discussedthecoatingmaterialforthecotton-specialslow-releasefertilizer,trial-produced
5、,theselectionofmaterial,theeconomyapplicabilityofproduct,thesecurityandenvironmentinfluenceoftheproductionprocess,broughtforwardancotton—specificfertilizer:18-9-18(N:P20s:K20)withtotalnutrientmorethan45%,addingZn,Blkgper100kgfertilizerrespectively.Adopted
6、thetechnicalrouteof‘‘hemislurrytechnologyspraygranulation+urinecoatingfilm+coatedwithanti-cakingslow-releaseagents”,madetechnicaltransformationpartlyfortheequipmentofcompoundfertilizer.Thenutrientcontentandreleasecharacteristicofcotton-specificfertilizerC
7、anberegulatedthebychangingtheinvolvementloadofthemainrawmaterialsandtheslow-releaseagentsrespectively.Sothecropwillbecontent謝t11varietyfertilizersandtheoptimumdosage,atthesametime.thereleaserateofthefertilizerisconsistent、^,imnutrientrequirementcharacteri
8、stics.Throughtestingthereleaseofnutrientsandfiringthedatabyusingalinearequation,establishmentingthecorrelationequationofthetotalnutrientreleaserateofthesoilculturemethodandthestrengthenimmersionmethod,theequaionis:t