Springer.The.Logic.of.Logistics.Theory.Algorithms.and.Applications.for.Logistics.Management.[1997.ISBN0387949216]

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1、PrefaceThisbookgrewoutanumberofdistributionandlogisticsgraduatecourseswehavetaughtoverthelasttenyears.Inthe?rstfewyears,theemphasiswasonverybasicmodelssuchasthetravelingsalesmanproblem,andontheseminalpapersofHaimovichandRinnooyKan(1985),whichanalyzedasimplevehicleroutingproblem,andRoun

2、dy(1985),whichintroducedpower-of-twopoliciesandprovedthattheyareeffectivefortheonewarehousemulti-retailerdistributionsystem.Atthattime,fewresultsexistedformorecomplex,realisticdistributionproblems,stochasticinventoryproblemsortheintegrationoftheseissues.Inthelastfewyearshowever,thereha

3、sbeenrenewedinterestintheareaoflogisticsamongbothindustryandacademia.Anumberofforceshavecontributedtothisshift.First,industryhasrealizedthemagnitudeofsavingsthatcanbeachievedbybetterplanningandmanagementofcomplexlogisticssystems.In-deed,astrikingexampleisWal-Mart’ssuccessstorywhichispa

4、rtlyattributedtoimplementinganewlogisticsstrategy,calledcross-docking.Second,advancesininformationandcommunicationtechnologiestogetherwithsophisticateddecisionsupportsystemsnowmakeitpossibletodesign,implementandcontrollogisticsstrategiesthatreducesystem-widecostsandimproveservicelevel.

5、Thesedecisionsupportsystems,withtheirincreasinglyuser-friendlyinterfaces,arefundamentallychangingthemanagementoflogisticssystems.Thesedevelopmentshavemotivatedtheacademiccommunitytoaggressivelypursueanswerstologisticsresearchquestions.Indeed,inthelast?veyearsconsid-erableprogresshasbee

6、nmadeintheanalysisandsolutionoflogisticsproblems.Thisprogresswasachieved,inmanycases,usinganapproachwhosepurposeistoascertaincharacteristicsoftheproblemorofanalgorithmthatareindependentviPrefaceofthespeci?cproblemdata.Thatis,theapproachdeterminescharacteristicsofthesolutionorthesolutio

7、nmethodthatareintrinsictotheproblemandnotthedata.Thisapproachincludestheso-calledworst-caseandaverage-caseanalyseswhich,asillustratedinthebook,helpnotonlytounderstandcharacteristicsoftheproblemorsolutionmethodology,butalsoprovidespeci?cguaranteesofeffectiveness.Inmanycase,theinsights