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1、天津大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文吸附蒸餾分離醇水共沸物的研究姓名:李宏偉申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:許春建20030101中文摘要叔丁醇水溶液在常壓下形成共沸,用普通蒸餾方法難于分離,本文選用吸附蒸餾方法分離叔丁醇水溶液。本文詳細(xì)介紹了實驗裝置、實驗方法及操作條件??疾炝瞬煌降?A分子篩在水中的沉降速度,4um的分子篩由于其沉降時間,漿料的粘度適中而被選擇作為吸附劑。以4“m的4A分子篩為吸附劑、乙二醇為載液,成功地對叔丁醇水溶液進(jìn)行了分離。在固含率為4%左右、循環(huán)比為1.5時,叔丁醇的純度即可達(dá)到99.8%(Wt.),
2、吸附蒸餾塔的單程收率達(dá)到96%以上。實驗測定了4A分子篩的飽和吸附量隨溫度的變化關(guān)系,用最d,--乘法線性擬合分子篩的飽和吸附量一溫度經(jīng)驗關(guān)系式,為吸附蒸餾模擬提供了數(shù)據(jù)。詳細(xì)介紹了吸附蒸餾過程數(shù)學(xué)模型的建立、求解(泡點(diǎn)法)過程,用該模型對吸附蒸餾實驗進(jìn)行了模擬,與實驗結(jié)果吻合較好。用該模型為手段進(jìn)一步探討了吸附蒸餾塔的理論板數(shù)、進(jìn)料位置、循環(huán)漿料入口位置、回流比、循環(huán)比、漿料固含率對叔丁醇產(chǎn)品純度、收率及熱負(fù)荷的影響。應(yīng)用所建立的吸附蒸餾過程的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對異丁醇.水混合物的分離進(jìn)行了預(yù)測,證明了吸附蒸餾過程對該物系的分離是一
3、種有效的方法。模擬結(jié)果表明,吸附蒸餾過程是對共沸體系進(jìn)行分離的有效方法。關(guān)鍵詞:吸附蒸餾、叔丁醇分離、模擬、分子篩、吸附方程式AbstractAqueoustert—butylalcoholsolutionholdsallazeotropicpointatnormalpressure,soitcannotbethoroughlyseparatedbytraditionaldistillationprocess.Thus,adsorptivedistillation,ahybridseparationprocesscoopera
4、tingdistillationandadsorptionoperationsinonecolumn,wasselectedtoseparatetheaqueoustert—butylalcoholsolutioninthisthesis.Thedetailedexperimentalapparatus,proceduresandoperatingconditionsweredescribedandadsorptivedistillationexperimentsfortheseparationofaqueoustert-bu
5、tylalcoholwerecarriedout.Inaddition,settlingtimesofmolecularsievewithdifferentdiametersinaqueoussiurryweremeasuredandthosewith49mindiameterhavingamoderatesettlingtimeandviscosityWasselectedtobeusedintheexperiments.Itwasdemonstratedthataqueoustert—butylalcoholsolutio
6、nscouldbesuccessfullyseparatedbyadsorptivedistillation謝m4Amolecularsievepowderasadsorbentandethanediolasliquidcarrier.Undertheconditionsof4.0%solidcontentinslurryand1.5inslurryrecyclingratio,aconcentratedproductoftert—butylalcoholof99.8%(wt.)inpuritywasachievedinthe
7、topofadsorptivedistillationcolumnandthesingleyieldinthiscolumnismorethan96.O%.Saturatedcapacityofwateradsorbedon4Amolecularsieveatavarietyoftemperaturewereexperimentallymeasuredandanempiricalcorrelationofsaturatedadsorptivecapacityagainsttemperaturewasdeveloped.Thes
8、edatawereusefulforthesimulationofadsorptivedistillation.Amathematicalmodelfortllesimulationofadsorptivedistillationwasdevelopedandthemodel