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1、虛擬語氣三大板塊含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句名詞性從句賓語從句S.+wish（wouldrather）+賓語從句S.+suggest（demand…）+賓語從句主語從句Itis+adj./p.p/n.+that+S+(should)+do表語從句S.+isthat+s.+(should)+do同位語從句S.+that+s.+(should)+do定語從句Itishigh/abouttimethat+s.+shoulddosth.(didsth)兩種形式1.時(shí)態(tài)后退型用一般過去表示現(xiàn)在用過去完成表示過
2、去用過去將來表示將來2.should+動(dòng)詞原形型語法專題十三：虛擬語氣與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣是高考重要考點(diǎn)，《2017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱》附錄語法項(xiàng)目表中列出了虛擬語氣以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。2015年高考全國卷Ⅰ第79題（短文改錯(cuò)）考查了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must后面接動(dòng)詞原形。2016年高考全國卷Ⅰ沒有考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語氣。2017年高考全國卷Ⅰ沒有考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語氣。知識(shí)框架77一.含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句(以do為例;S=主語)時(shí)間條件狀語從句主句現(xiàn)在If+S+did(were)
3、S+would/should/could/might+do過去If+S+haddoneS+would/should/could/might+havedone將來did(were)If+SshoulddoweretodoS+would/should/could/might+do例如:①IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.②IfIhadthemoney,Iwouldbuyit.③IfIweregivenanotherchance，Iwoulddoitbetter.④IfI
4、hadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldhavemadegreatprogress.⑤Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworksoeasily.⑥Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathomeallday.⑦Ifyouweretocometomorrow,Icouldwaitforyouathome.注意：在書面語中，條件從句可以不用連詞if，而將謂語中的were，had或should等
5、移至主語之前構(gòu)成倒裝句。例如：①WereIyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.②HadItakenyouradvice,Iwouldhavemadegreatprogress.③Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathomeallday.二、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的條件句虛擬條件句中的主句和從句涉及的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)主句和從句的謂語形式應(yīng)按照各自動(dòng)作發(fā)生的實(shí)際時(shí)間來表達(dá)。例如：①Ifyouhadn'twatchedTVyesterday,youwouldn'
6、tbesosleepynow.（從句yesterday說明過去，主句now說明現(xiàn)在）②Iftheyhadlefthomeearlythismorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.（從句說明過去，主句說明將來。）③Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinthefuture.（從句說明現(xiàn)在，主句說明將來）三、含蓄條件句非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表達(dá)出來，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句有三種情況：1．條
7、件暗含在單詞短語中：常見介詞有with假如有,without假如沒有,butfor要不是因?yàn)?；連詞有or/otherwise（前句用陳述語氣，后句用虛擬）；but（前句為虛擬，后句陳述）例如：①Hewouldnotgetsucharesultwithoutyourhelp.(條件暗含在介詞短語withoutyourhelp=ifyouhadn’thelpedhim中)②Butforyou,Icouldnotberecoveredsosoon.(條件暗含在Butforyou=Ifyouhadn’t
8、helpedme中)77③Hemusthavebeenthere,orhenevercouldknowtheplacesowell.(暗含條件是連詞or；后句為虛擬)④Iwouldhavebeentoyourplace,butIwasreallytoobusy.=Iwasreallytoobusy,or/otherwiseIwouldhavebeentoyourplace.⑤Shewasill,otherwiseshewouldhavebeenpresentatthemeeting.（條件通過連
