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1、上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文長(zhǎng)泥齡膜生物反應(yīng)器中活性污泥各組分的膜污染研究姓名：劉淑舒申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：環(huán)境工程指導(dǎo)教師：許振明;DarrenDelaiSun20090101上海交通大學(xué)工程碩士學(xué)位論文摘要膠體和溶解性物質(zhì)在膜污染中的重要作用也無(wú)法忽略。此外，為了對(duì)膜污染的機(jī)理有更深入的了解，對(duì)各種膜阻力的大小也進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步研究。由結(jié)果可知，在微濾膜錯(cuò)流過(guò)濾污泥時(shí)，濃差極化層阻力(Rcp,31~73%)和濾餅層阻力(Rc,23~63%)是總的膜阻力(Rt)的主要組成，而膜內(nèi)部污染阻力(Rif,0.7~2.4%)和膜
2、固有阻力(Rm,1.2~6.4%)幾乎可以忽略不計(jì)。操作條件對(duì)膜污染的影響結(jié)果表明，懸浮顆粒始終是膜污染的主要貢獻(xiàn)者，而占主導(dǎo)地位的各種阻力隨污泥濃度、過(guò)膜壓力和錯(cuò)流速度的變化而變化。污泥濃度和過(guò)膜壓力增大，錯(cuò)流速率減小，均會(huì)增大總的膜阻力，加劇膜污染。本次實(shí)驗(yàn)中所得最佳操作條件為：MLSS=320mg/L，TMP=0.5bar，CFV=0.438m/s。提高流速，減小壓力可以有效抑制膜污染，降低清洗頻率，延長(zhǎng)膜組件的使用壽命，從而節(jié)約操作成本，推廣長(zhǎng)泥齡膜生物反應(yīng)器的應(yīng)用。關(guān)鍵詞：膜生物反應(yīng)器，長(zhǎng)泥齡，污泥組分，膜
3、污染，膜阻力上海交通大學(xué)工程碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTStudyonmembranefoulingcausedbydifferentsludgefractionsfromamembranebioreactorwithlongsolidretentiontimeABSTRACTComparedwiththeconventionalactivatedsludgeprocess,themembranebioreactor(MBR)canminimizesludgedisposalandreducethebioreacto
4、rsizewithhigherbiomassloading.However,MembranefoulinglimitstheindustrialapplicationofMBRswithlongSRT.Moreover,themixedliquorcompositionvarieswithoperatingconditions,andthecontributionofeachsludgefractiontomembranefoulingischangedalongwithdifferentoperatingcondi
5、tions.Therefore,itisnecessarytoinvestigatetheinfluencesofMLSSconcentration,trans-membranepressureandcross-flowvelocityonmembranefoulingtohaveabetterunderstandingofthefoulingbehavioursinMBRswithlongSRTconditions.A300-daySRTMBRand10-daySRTSBRweresetupforthestudy.
6、Activatedsludgetakenfromthesesystemswasfractionedintosuspendedsolids,colloidsandsolutes;andtheirrelativecontributionstomembranefoulingduringcrossflowfiltrationwerecalculated.Furthermore,sub-dividedfiltrationresistanceswereanalysedusingresistance-in-seriesmodel.
7、上海交通大學(xué)工程碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTResultsfromthisstudyindicatedthatthesuspendedsolidwasthemainfoulingfraction,withtherelativecontributiontothetotalresistanceof70%and85%inMBRandSBR.Ontheotherhand,theimportanceofcolloidsandsolutescouldnotbeneglected.Moreover,sub-dividedresis
8、tanceswereanalysedtohaveadeepunderstandingaboutthefoulingmechanism.Itwasdemonstratedthattheresistancesofconcentrationpolarization(Rcp,31~73%)andcakelayer(Rc,23~63%)mainlycon
