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1、四川師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文博斯騰湖水質(zhì)評價(jià)與污染源分析姓名:廖丹申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):人文地理學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:趙景峰20080410博斯騰湖水質(zhì)評價(jià)與污染源分析人文地理專業(yè)研究生:廖丹指導(dǎo)教師:趙景峰摘要:博斯騰湖位于新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州焉耆甕地東南,是我國最大的內(nèi)陸淡水湖。博斯騰湖既是開都河的尾閶,又是孔雀河的源頭,兼有開都河來水的水資源調(diào)控、孔雀河流域農(nóng)用灌溉、工業(yè)及城鄉(xiāng)生活用水、流域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和向塔里木河中下游緊急調(diào)水等多種功能,對焉耆盆地和庫爾勒市及尉犁縣的工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)及人民生活起著重要的作用。但是近十幾年來,
2、隨著當(dāng)?shù)厝丝诘牟粩嘣黾雍凸まr(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的快速發(fā)展,排向湖區(qū)的污染物逐年增多,博斯騰湖的水質(zhì)污染也逐年加重。因此,研究博斯騰湖的水環(huán)境容量和污染物排放總量控制具有十分重要的意義。本文主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1.在對博斯騰湖源流區(qū)污染源及污染物排放現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了博斯騰湖水環(huán)境存在的主要問題和水質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀,運(yùn)用單因子評價(jià)法確定了影響博湖水環(huán)境質(zhì)量的主要污染物,運(yùn)用內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法對不同點(diǎn)位的污染狀況進(jìn)行分析。2.根據(jù)污染物平衡原理,并結(jié)合博斯騰湖具體情況,建立大湖區(qū)污染物平衡方程,分析了幾種主要污染物CODc,、BOD5
3、、TN和TP的來源構(gòu)成。3.對博斯騰湖的污染狀況,提出了治理措施。關(guān)鍵詞:博斯騰湖水質(zhì)評價(jià)內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)污染源AssessmentoftheWaterQualityassociatedwiththePollutantSourcesintoBostenLakeMajor:HumangeographyMaster:LiaoDanTutor。ZhaoJingfengAbstract:BostenLake,thelargestfreshwaterlake1nlandofChina.iSlocatedinthesoutheasto
4、fYangqiBasininXinjiang.AstheendofKaiduRiverandthebeginningofKongqneRiver,BosteuLakeplaysanimportantroleinagriculturalandindustrialproductionandhumanlivingsinYangqiBasin,KorlacityandYuliCountyduetoitsmulti—functions:allocationofKaiduRiverwaterresource,agricultur
5、alirrigationbyPeacockRiver,industrialandrural&suburbwaterconsumption,ecosystemenvironmentalprotectionandemergentconversionintomid—anddown—streamofTarimRiver.However,inthepastdozensofyears,BostenLakehasbeenincreasinglycontaminatedduetoincreaseoflocalpopulation,r
6、apidindustrialandagricuitumldevelopmentandannualincreaseofpollutantsdischargedintothelake.Therefore,itisverymeaningfultOresearchoncontrollingthewaterenvironmentalcapacityandtotaldischargedpollutants.Thecontentandresearchresultareasfollows:1.Onthebasisofresearch
7、onpollutionsourceandcurrentdischargeinthebeginningofBostenLake,mainproblemsandwaterqualityinthewaterenvironmentareanalyzed.ASingle—factorEvaluationMethodisusedtoidentifymainpollutantsaffectingthewaterquality.NemerowPollutionIndexMethodisusedtoanalyzethepollutio
8、nindifferentpositions.2.UsingofMass-budgetsMethodassociatedwiththedataobservedinBostenLake,pollutantequilibriumequationisestablishedtoanalyzethecompositionofIIseveralmainpol