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1、第31卷第10期環(huán)境科學(xué)Vol.31,No.102010年10月Oct.,2010ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型研究進(jìn)展王龍,黃躍飛,王光謙(清華大學(xué)水沙科學(xué)與水利水電工程國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京100084)摘要:回顧了城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型的發(fā)展歷史,分析了能夠模擬城市非點(diǎn)源污染的7個國外模型(SWMM、STORM、SLAMM、HSPF、DR3M-QUAL、MOUSE和HydroWorks)的特點(diǎn)、適用性和局限性,介紹了國外城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型不確定性研究方法和成果以及城市非點(diǎn)源污染分析概率模型,總結(jié)了國內(nèi)城市非點(diǎn)源污染模
2、型的研究成果.指出國外城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型在污染物累積和沖刷、泥沙和污染物運(yùn)移、污染物的生化反應(yīng)等方面模擬能力不足,而國內(nèi)城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型多是經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)P停M面積較小,模擬精度較差.提出未來城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型研究應(yīng)提高泥沙和污染物的模擬能力,探索無資料和不完全信息下城市非點(diǎn)源污染的模擬和預(yù)測,加強(qiáng)城市非點(diǎn)源污染隨機(jī)性模型的研究,發(fā)展城市非點(diǎn)源污染模型與GIS的耦合應(yīng)用.關(guān)鍵詞:城市非點(diǎn)源污染;累積;沖刷;生化反應(yīng);不確定性;研究進(jìn)展中圖分類號:X52文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:0250-3301(2010)10-2532-09ReviewofUrba
3、nNonpointSourcePollutionModelsWANGLong,HUANGYue-fei,WANGGuang-qian(StateKeyLaboratoryofHydroscienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Thedevelopmenthistoryofurbannonpointsourcepollutionmodelsisreviewed.Features,applicabilityandlimitationsofsevenpo
4、pularurbannonpointsourcepollutionmodels(SWMM,STORM,SLAMM,HSPF,DR3M-QUAL,MOUSE,andHydroWorks)arediscussed.Themethodologyandresearchfindingsofuncertaintyinurbannonpointsourcepollutionmodelingarepresented.Analyticalprobabilisticmodelsforestimationofurbannonpointsourcesarealsopr
5、esented.TheresearchachievementsofurbannonpointsourcepollutionmodelsinChinaaresummarized.Theshortcomingsandgapsofapproachesonurbannonpointsourcepollutionmodelsarepointedout.Improvementsinmodelingofpollutantsbuildupandwashoff,sedimentsandpollutantstransport,andpollutantsbioche
6、micalreactionsaredesiredforthosesevenpopularmodels.MostofthemodelsdevelopedbyresearchersinChinaareempiricalmodels,sothattheycanonlyappliedforspecificsmallareasandhaveinadequateaccuracy.Futureapproachesincludeimprovingcapabilityinfateandtransportsimulationofsedimentsandpollut
7、ants,exploringmethodologiesofmodelingurbannonpointsourcepollutioninregionswithlittledataorincompleteinformation,developingstochasticmodelsforurbannonpointsourcepollutionsimulation,andapplyingGIStofacilitateurbannonpointsourcepollutionsimulation.Keywords:urbannonpointsourcepo
8、llution;buildup;washoff;biochemicalreaction;uncertainty;researchadvance城市非點(diǎn)