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1、學(xué)兔兔www.xuetutu.com第48卷第13期機(jī)械工程學(xué)報Vl01.48NO.132012年7月JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGJu1.2012DoI:lO.3901,JME.2012.13.096基于流一固耦合的汽車減振器動態(tài)特性仿真分析水賀李平,2顧亮2龍凱肖介平4(1.北京無線電測量研究所北京100854;2.北京理工大學(xué)機(jī)械與車輛學(xué)院北京100081;3.華北電力大學(xué)可再生能源學(xué)院北京102206;4.北京汽車研究總院CAE及整車性能部北京100021)摘要:對減振器的流一固耦合建模和求解技術(shù)進(jìn)
2、行研究?;诙嗲蠼馄鞯牧饕还恬詈戏椒ǎ⒕容^高的阻尼閥流場網(wǎng)格模型和疊加閥片有限元接觸模型,并聯(lián)合有限體積法和有限元法對減振器流一固耦合模型進(jìn)行求解和分析,獲取了減振器的速度特性和示功圖,對阻尼閥內(nèi)部壓力場、速度場進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,對疊加閥片非線性動力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行分析。仿真結(jié)果表明:由于高速油液對阻尼閥壁面的沖擊作用,阻尼閥核心區(qū)域的壓力場急劇變化;閥片在開啟和關(guān)閉瞬間,速度有一個跳躍,這使得節(jié)流通道迅速變化,具體表現(xiàn)為開閥點附近的速度特性曲線向下彎折。因此,阻尼閥核心區(qū)域的流場網(wǎng)格模型和疊加閥片的接觸模型對仿真精度影響最大。計算中考慮了
3、油液的湍流流動,閥片的接觸滑移和大撓度變形,使得流一固耦合模型盡可能地貼近物理事實,仿真結(jié)果與試驗吻合較好。關(guān)鍵詞:減振器流一固耦合多重非線性動態(tài)特性中圖分類號:U463O353SimulativeAnalysisofDynamicCharacteristicsofAutomobileShockAbsorbersBasedonFluid.structureInteractionHELipingGULiangL0NGKai’XIAOJieping4(1.BeijingInstituteofRadioMeasurement,Beijing1
4、00854;2.SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,BeijingInstituteofTechnology,Beijing100081;3.RenewableEnergySchool,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,Beijing102206;4.DepartmentofCAE&PerformanceIntegration.BeijingAutomotiveTechnologyCenter,Beijing100021)Abstract:Thefluid-structurein
5、teraction(FSI)modelingandsolvingtechniquesofshockabsorbersarestudied.Thefluidfieldgridmodelofdampervalveandthefiniteelementcontactmodelofsuperpositionthrottle—sliceswithhigheraccuracyareestablishedbasedonFSImethodwithmulti—solvers.TheFSImodelofshockabsorbersissolvedandan
6、alyzedcombinedbyfinitevolumemethod(FVM)andfiniteelementmethod(FEM).Thespeedcharacteristicandindicatordiagramofshockabsorbersareobtained.Theinternalpressurefieldandvelocityfieldofdampervalveareanalyzed.Thenonlineardynamiccharacteristicsofsuperpositionthrottle—slicesareana
7、lyzed.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthepressurefieldofcoreregionofdampervalvechangesrapidlybecauseoftheimpactofhighspeedoil.Thevelocityofthrotle-slicesstepswhenthevalveopensandcloses.Itmakesthethrotlechannelchangesuddenly,andmakestheindicatordiagrambenddownatthevalve-openi
8、ngpoint.Thefluidfieldgridmodelofcoreregionofdampervalveandthefiniteelementcontactmodelofsuperpositionth