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1、植物營養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報2006，12(4)：544—548P1airNutritionandFertilizerScience蔬菜地土壤磷飽和度及其對磷釋放和水質(zhì)的影響章明奎，周翠，方利平(浙江大學(xué)環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院資源科學(xué)系，浙江杭州310029)摘要：為了解蔬菜地土壤磷素的積累對水環(huán)境的影響，我們在浙江省選擇了33個代表性蔬菜地，采集和分析了土壤、地表水和地下水樣的磷素狀況，從土壤磷飽和度的角度，研究了浙江省主要蔬菜土壤磷積累狀況及其對地表和地下水水質(zhì)和土壤磷釋放潛力的影響。結(jié)果表明，半透膜滲析法測得的磷釋放量與土壤磷積累呈正相關(guān)，磷釋放量隨土壤磷飽和度的提高而增加。蔬菜地土壤磷飽和度的
2、增加可顯著提高地表水體和地下水中磷的濃度，當(dāng)土壤磷飽和度小于25％左右時，水體中磷濃度隨土壤磷飽和度增加較為緩慢；但當(dāng)磷飽和度大于25％時，水體中磷濃度隨土壤磷飽和度提高迅速上升。地表水中磷濃度主要與表層土壤磷飽和度有關(guān)；地下水中磷濃度主要受深層土壤磷飽和度的影響，與表層土壤磷飽和度的相關(guān)性較小。土壤磷飽和度可很好地表征土壤磷釋放和對環(huán)境的潛在影響。關(guān)鍵詞：蔬菜地；磷飽和度；磷釋放；水質(zhì)；中圖分類號：S158．3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1008—505X(2006)04—0544—05Phosphorussaturationdegreeofsoilsonvegetablefarmsa
3、nditseffectsonsoilphosphorusreleasepotentialandwaterqualityZHANGMing-kui，ZHOUCui，F(xiàn)ANGLi·ping(CollegeofEnvironmentalandResourceSdences，Zhej~ngUniversity，Hangzhou310029，China)Abstract：Phosphoruslossesfromagriculturalsoilstowatercanposeathreattowaterquality．TheconcernoverPwithrespecttowaterquality
4、isitsstimulationonalgaeandotheraquaticplantgrowth．PhosphorusinputstoagriculturalsoilsthatareregularlyfertilizedwithmineralPcanexceedcroprequirement．Thisover-suppliedPoftenresultsinexcessivePaccumulationinthesoil，andsuchsoilsrepresentapotentialdifusesourceofpollutionasPfortheeutrophicationofsur—
5、facewaters．LittleinformationisavailableonthereleaseintensityofPtowaterfromvegetablesoilsanditsrelationtothePsaturationdegreeinthesoils．Inthisstudy，33surfacesoilsamplesand17soilprofileswithawiderangeoftotalP，andrunofandgroundwatersampleswerecollectedfromvariousvegetablefieldsinZhejiangprovince．R
6、esultsshowedthatlong-termoverapplicationofPcouldelevatePsaturationdegree，increasedPreleasepotentialfromthesoils．PhosphorusreleaseintensitymeasuredbymeansofdialysisWaspositivelycorrelatedwithsoilPaccumulation，andincreasedsignifi—canflywithPsaturationdegreeofthesoils．IncreasedsoilPsaturationdegre
7、ecouldincreasePconcentrationsinsurfacewatersandgroundwater．ThePconcentrationinsurfacerunoffincreasedslowlywithincreasingPsaturationdegreewhenPsaturationdegreewasbelow25％。butitincreasedrapidlywhenPsaturationdegreewasover25％．ThePcon
