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1、四川建筑科學(xué)研究第39卷第4期200SichuanBuildingScience2013年8月砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的地震易損性研究蘇啟旺,許滸,趙世春(1.西南交通大學(xué),四川成都610031;2.抗震工程技術(shù)四川省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,四川成都610031)摘要:建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的抗地震倒塌能力是抗震性能化設(shè)計(jì)的核心目標(biāo)。建筑結(jié)構(gòu)需要足夠的抗倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備,以避免大震或超大震的倒塌破壞。我國現(xiàn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)尚缺乏大震抗倒塌定量設(shè)計(jì)方法和抗地震倒塌能力的定量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。采用等效框架方法,以一幢2層的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)民房為例,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了Pushover和IDA分析,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了比較,最后獲得了結(jié)構(gòu)的易損曲線。結(jié)果表明,結(jié)果的塑性鉸主要出
2、現(xiàn)在底層窗間墻和窗下墻被存在的洞口削弱的部位,這一點(diǎn)與地震中砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞具有較好的一致性,從破壞機(jī)制來看,Pushover和IDA分析具有很好的相似性,且砌體結(jié)構(gòu)脆性非常明顯;結(jié)構(gòu)易損性分析表明,結(jié)構(gòu)的嚴(yán)重破壞和倒塌兩條曲線相隔非常近,這就意味著當(dāng)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)為嚴(yán)重破壞時(shí),就非常容易倒塌。關(guān)鍵詞:砌體結(jié)構(gòu);等效框架;靜力彈塑性分析;增量動(dòng)力分析;易損曲線中圖分類號(hào):TU362文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1008—1933(2013)04—200—05TheresearchofseismicvulnerabilityofmasonrybuildingSUQiwang.xuHu,ZHAOShich
3、un,(1.SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu610031,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofSeismicEngineeringofSiehuanProvince,Chengdu610031,China)Abstract:Collapsesafetyisthemostimportantobjectiveofperformance—basedseismicdesign.BuildingsshouldhaveenoughsafetymargintoavoidcoHapseduringsevereormegaearthquake.However
4、,currentChineseseismicdesigncodedoesnothaveexplicitdesignspecificationorquantitativeevaluationforconapse—resistantcapacity.Takeatwo—storymasonrybuildingasanexample,thePushoverandIDAanalysisarestudiedusedbytheequivalentframe,andthecomparisonarealsostudied.Inaddition,thefragilitycurvesCallbeobtaine
5、d.Theanalysisresultsshowthattheresultsofplastichingemainlyappearingroundfloorwallbetweenwindowsanddoors.Theanalysisresulthasgooduniformitywithseismicdamage.Judgingfromthefailuremechanism,PushoverandIDAanalysishaveverygoodsimilarity.Inaddition,theyshowelasticdeformationisverysmallandbrittlenessisv
6、eryapparentofthemasonrybuilding.Structurevulnerabilityanalysisshowsthatthesignificantdamageandthenearcolapsecurvesareveryclosetoeachother.Thismeanthat,oncethesignificantdamagelimitstateisreached,onlysmallPGAincrementsareneedforreachingthenearcollapselimitstate.Keywords:masonrybuilding;equivalentf
7、rame;pushoveranalysis;incrementaldynamicanalysis;fragilityCurves般為3—4層,現(xiàn)已大量建筑5~6層,有的城市建到U刖罱7~8層。砌體結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)點(diǎn)非常明顯,具有材料來源廣砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在我國有悠久的歷史且應(yīng)用范圍廣,泛,易于取材;有很好的耐久性和較好的耐火性,使近幾年,我國的磚產(chǎn)量已成為世界上各國磚產(chǎn)量的用年限長(zhǎng);砌體保溫、隔熱性能好,節(jié)能效果明顯;不總和,在全國以砌體材料為主要建