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1、第25卷第10期Vol.25No.10工程力學2008年10月Oct.2008ENGINEERINGMECHANICS54文章編號:1000-4750(2008)10-0054-06風力機葉片的非定常氣動特性計算方法的改進*123伍艷,謝華,王同光(1.空軍第一航空學院,河南,信陽464000;2.武漢大學水利水電學院,武漢430072;3.南京航空航天大學航空宇航學院,南京210016)摘要:該文從日常的風力機氣動設(shè)計和研究出發(fā),在考慮非定常條件下翼型繞流物理特性的基礎(chǔ)上改進動態(tài)失速的半經(jīng)驗?zāi)?/p>
2、型,先得到二維時的計算結(jié)果(即不考慮旋轉(zhuǎn)影響的計算結(jié)果),再在考慮紊流的情況下分析離心力和哥氏力對附面層分離的影響來計算風力機葉片的非定常氣動特性,得到三維時的計算結(jié)果(即考慮旋轉(zhuǎn)影響的計算結(jié)果)。分析比較二維和三維時的計算結(jié)果,可知采用考慮旋轉(zhuǎn)影響的計算方法改善了原來二維時的計算方法,所得結(jié)果與實驗值吻合得較好。關(guān)鍵詞:流體力學;非定??諝鈩恿W;三維旋轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng);風力機;動態(tài)失速;附面層中圖分類號:V211.3文獻標識碼:AMODIFICATIONOFCALCULATINGUNSTEADYAER
3、ODYNAMICCHARACTERISTICSOFWINDTURBINEBLADES*123WUYan,XIEHua,WANGTong-guang(1.TheFirstAeronauticalInstituteofAirForce,Xinyang,Henan464000,China;2.CollegeofWaterResourceandHydropower,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072,China;3.CollegeofAerospaceEngineering,Nanj
4、ingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,Nanjing210016,China)Abstract:Arationalcalculatingmethodfortheunsteadyaerodynamiccharacteristicsofthewindturbinebladesispresentedinthispaper.Bymodifyingtheunsteadyaerodynamicanddynamicstallmodel,theclassicalmo
5、mentum-bladeelementtheoryisimprovedtoaccountforyaweffectinaquasi-steadymannerforwindturbines,andthenthetwo-dimensional(2-D)resultsarededuced.Whilethethree-dimensional(3-D)rotationaleffectwhichchangesthebladeaerodynamiccharacteristicsgreatlycomparedto
6、itsnon-rotatingcounterpartisnotconsideredinthe2-Dmodel.Basedonthe2-Dmodel,theeffectsofthecentrifugalpumpingandCoriolisforceontheflowseparationundertheturbulenceconditionareanalyzed,andtheanalyticalrelationshipbetweenthe3-Drotationaleffectandtheflowse
7、parationareobtained,whichiscoupledtothe2-Dmodeltogivethe3-Dresults.Boththecalculated2-Dand3-Dresultsarecomparedwithexperimentaldataatdifferentwindvelocitiesandyawedanglesofthewindturbine,showingthatthecalculationisimprovedbytheinclusionofthe3-Drotati
8、onaleffects.Keywords:fluidmechanics;unsteadyaerodynamics;three-dimensionalrotationaleffect;windturbine;dynamicstall;boundarylayer風力機總是在非定??諝鈩恿Νh(huán)境中運行,非風)和塔影效應(yīng)等,這些現(xiàn)象使葉片受到非定常氣動定常因素包括大氣紊流、風剪切、風向的變化(側(cè)偏載荷的作用,對風力機的氣動性能和結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞壽命———————————————收稿日期:2007-05-10;修改