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1、1INTRODUCTIONItisstatedinthecontractualworkpackagedescriptionthatTask2.1oftheOWEEprojectaimsto“definethematurityofthetechnologycurrentlyavailableforoffshorewindfarms”.Thisaimistobeachievedthroughcollationandinterpretationofrelevantinformationinrelationt
2、othefollowingkeytechnologicalissues(a“state-of-the-art”summary):·Sizeandconfigurationofwindturbinessuitableforoffshoreinstallations·Supportstructuredesign·Installation,decommissioninganddismantling·Operationandmaintenance(O&M),reliability·Electricaltran
3、smissionandgridconnectionThefollowingcompaniesareinvolvedinWorkPackage2.1,havingresponsibilitiesasstated.·GarradHassanandPartners(GH)–workpackageco-ordinatorandelectricaltransmissionandgridconnection·ENEA–sizeandconfigurationofwindturbines·KvaernerOilan
4、dGas(KOG)–supportstructure·GermanischerLloydWindEnergieGmbH-standards·VTT–installationanddecommissioning·Vindkompaniet(VKAB)–O&MCONTENTS1INTRODUCTION12SIZEANDCONFIGURATION42.1ScalingTrends42.1.1Scalinglaws42.1.2Summaryreviewoflargeturbines52.1.3Sizeandm
5、asstrendsinoffshorecontext92.1.4Largewindturbinecosttrends122.1.5Summaryoftrendsinoffshorewindtechnology152.2Manufacturers162.2.1Generaldatasourcesonmanufacturers162.2.2Geographicalregions212.2.3Summaryofblademanufacturers222.2.4Currentstatusofbladetech
6、nology232.3OffshorePrototypes242.3.1Offshoreprojects242.4GearboxesintheOffshoreContext262.5FutureTrends262.6Bibliography272.6.1R&Dplans/needs272.7References282.7.1ENEA282.7.2GH283SUPPORTSTRUCTURE293.1DesignDevelopment–PiledFoundations293.1.1Operationale
7、xperience293.1.2Pilingtechniques293.2DesignDevelopment–GravityFoundations303.2.1Operationalexperience303.2.2Designconfiguration31Page1of683.3SystemDynamics313.3.1Seabedconditions313.3.2Waveexcitation323.3.3Structuretypes323.4Icing333.5BreakingWaves333.5
8、.1Operationalexperience333.5.2Modelling343.5.3Researchforoffshorewind343.6DesignDevelopments344STANDARDS364.1General364.2GLOffshoreStandard374.3DanishRecommendationforTechnicalApprovalofOffshoreWindTurbines(RekommandationforTekni
