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1、第二屆全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集2007年7月再生水灌溉時(shí)期和方式對(duì)作物生長(zhǎng)及品質(zhì)的影響黃占斌,苗戰(zhàn)霞,侯利偉,焦志華,馬敏(中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院,北京100083)摘要:采用北京高碑店污水處理廠再生水(二沉池出水),以清水為對(duì)照進(jìn)行二年玉米和大豆種植盆栽試驗(yàn),比較再生水不同灌溉方式(純灌、與清水混灌和交替灌)和灌溉時(shí)期(全生育期、生育前期和后期)下對(duì)作物生長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)影響。結(jié)果表明:再生水在玉米苗期灌溉對(duì)生長(zhǎng)有一定抑制作用,但在拔節(jié)期后灌溉能明顯促進(jìn)玉米生長(zhǎng),不降低或有所增加玉米籽粒產(chǎn)量;再生水以純灌和混灌方式,各個(gè)時(shí)
2、期灌溉都能促進(jìn)大豆整個(gè)生育期生長(zhǎng),明顯促進(jìn)籽粒產(chǎn)量提高。再生水灌溉對(duì)玉米和大豆籽粒粗蛋白、粗淀粉無(wú)顯著影響,但粗灰分效應(yīng)有男4。再生水灌溉降低玉米籽粒鐵含量。重金屬鉛和鎘在玉米和大豆不同器官內(nèi)含量不同,分布規(guī)律是含量:根>莖、葉>>籽粒.再生水灌溉玉米和大豆的籽粒鉛和鎘含量,均滿足國(guó)家糧食安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但再生水灌溉有增加大豆籽粒中鎘含量的趨勢(shì)。這些結(jié)果對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)再生水灌溉對(duì)作物生產(chǎn)影響及應(yīng)用有重要參考。關(guān)鍵詞:再生水;玉米;大豆;生長(zhǎng);品質(zhì);重金屬EnhtonGrowthandQualityofCropstoIrrigationTimeandModeof
3、ReclaimedWaterHUANGZhan—bin,MIAOZhan-xia,HOULi—wai,J1AOZhi—hua,MAMin(SchoolofChemicalmidEnvironmentalEngineering.ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology-Beijing,Beijing100083.China)Abs打act:Theexperimentsusedpotmethodtocomparetheeffectongrowth,yieldandqualityofmaize(ZeamaysL)ands
4、oybean(Phaseol∞vulgⅢ,isL.)toirrigationtimetreatments.such∞wholegrowthperiod.a(chǎn)nte—developmentperiodsodstep—developmentperiod,andirrigationmodetreatments,suchagallreclaimedirrigation,reclaimedwaterwithtapwatermixedirrigation,reclaimedwaterwithtapwaterrotatingirrigation,therecla
5、imedwaterisfromthedi-sinkingpoolinBeijingGaoBeidiansewageIreatmentplantBeijing.China,andthecontroltreatmentisusedtapwaterin2005-2006.Theresultsshowthatgrowthofmaizeinbreedings“gewⅡinhibitedatSomedegreewithreclaimedwaterirrigation,andafterjaimingstagewithreclaimedwaterirrigati
6、on.theFowthshowedapositiveeffect.a(chǎn)ndtheyieldofmaizenotdecrea8eorincreasealittledeFee.Tothesoybean,reclaimedirrigationormixedwithtapwaterirrigationatinanygrowthstageofsoybeanallenhancedthegrowth.a(chǎn)ndincreasedthegrainyield,markedly,Tothequalityofcrops.thesurveycertifiedthatthe釅n
7、dralqualityofcrudeproteinandcrudestarchinthegrainarenotsignificantdifferencehetwE∞thecontrolandthetreatmentsirrigatedwithreclaimedwater.onlycrudeashisdifferentinmaizeand”ybean.Theresidualquantityofheavymetalssuch∞Lead口b)andCadmium(Cd)variesgreatlywithdiffemntpartsofthecrop,wh
8、ichishigheatinroots,midgeinshootsandleav∞,andlowestingrain.However,t