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1、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工2014年第12期第12期(總第373期)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工No.122014年12月FarmProductsProcessingDec.文章編號:1671-9646(2014)12a-0036-04天然型柚皂的工藝優(yōu)化及性能測定*周瑜,劉張虎,李夢琪,陳潔(湖北大學(xué)知行學(xué)院生物工程系,湖北武漢430011)摘要:以白油和NaOH為原料制得皂基,添加預(yù)處理柚皮漿制備柚皂。研究皂化溫度、NaOH用量和柚皮漿添加量對柚皂產(chǎn)率、水分和揮發(fā)物含量的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上進行正交試驗,得出制作柚皂最優(yōu)工藝條件為皂化溫度70℃,30
2、%NaOH15mL,柚皮漿添加量3g。成品柚皂顏色均一、質(zhì)地細膩,對其乙醇不溶物含量、游離苛性堿含量、溶解度、總堿和總脂肪物含量等指標(biāo)進行測定,并考察柚皂的去污力、穩(wěn)定性等性能和抑菌效果。柚皂的乙醇不溶物含量為12.8%,游離苛性堿含量0.019%,溶解度22.08g/cm2,總堿和總脂肪物含量分別為4.392%和18.205%;去污試驗反映柚皂對番茄醬的去污效果比對油漬的去污效果強;柚皂在低溫條件下更穩(wěn)定;對試驗細菌枯草芽孢桿菌有抑菌效果。關(guān)鍵詞:柚皮;柚皂;水分和揮發(fā)物含量;乙醇不溶物;游離苛性堿中圖分類號:TQ
3、461文獻標(biāo)志碼:Adoi:10.3969/jissn.1671-9646(X).2014.12.011TechnologyofNaturalPomeloSoapandItsMainPropertiesZHOUYu,LIUZhang-hu,LIMeng-qi,*CHENJie(DepartmentofBioengineering,CollegeofZhixing,HubeiUniversity,Wuhan,Hubei430011,China)Abstract:Whiteoilandsodiumhydroxideare
4、usedasrawmaterialsforpomelosoap.Andthenthepomelopeelisaddedtoformhomogeneouscolorandtexture.Experimentalfactorsandlevelsaredeterminedbysingle-factorexperimentsforsaponifi-cationtemperature,sodiumhydroxideandpeelpulpconsumptiononyieldandmoistureandvolatilematter
5、contentofpomelosoap.Theorthogonalexperimentaldesignisusedtooptimizethekeytechniquesbasedonthesingle-factorexperiments.Theoptimalprocessingparametersaresaponificationtemperatureof70℃,30%sodiumhydroxide15mLandpomelopeelpulpof3g.Ethanol-insolublematter,freecaustic
6、alkalicontent,solubility,totalalkaliandtotalfattymattercontentinpomelosoapsaredetermined.Alsotheperformanceofdetergencys,tabilityandbactriostasisarestudied.Pomelosoapethanolinsolublecon-tentis12.8%,freecausticalkalicontentis0.019%,thesolubilityis22.08g/cm2,tota
7、lalkaliandtotalfattymattercontentare4.392%and18.205%.Pomelosoapperformedbetterinketchupdecontaminationtestthanoildecontaminationtest.Pomelosoapsaremorestableatlowtemperature.TheantibacterialeffectstoBacillussubtilisareobserved.Keywords:pomelopeel;pomelosoap;moi
8、stureandvolatilemattercontent;ethanol-insolublematter;freecausticalkali方面還有很大的空間。0引言隨著人們對生活質(zhì)量要求的提高,皂已經(jīng)不僅柚子是國際上大眾化的水果之一,柚皮呈淡黃僅滿足于清潔,而且更要求環(huán)保、健康。面對市場色,性溫,味辛苦甘。近年來,隨著人們對柚皮的上銷售的皂