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1、高三定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞、名詞、代詞、分詞、不定式以及介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，也可以由一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)，充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)功能的句子稱(chēng)為定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句“三要素”1.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞①指人的先行詞②指物的先行詞★?先行詞還可以是前面整個(gè)句子所敘述的事情。Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,?which?surprisesallofus.?(which替代前面所敘述的事情)?先行詞2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)的詞(1)關(guān)系詞的作用①替代前面的先行詞（替代作用）②連接主句和定語(yǔ)從句（連接作用）③在定語(yǔ)從句中作句子成分（成分作
2、用）(2)關(guān)系詞的分類(lèi)①標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：根據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句中做的句子成分種類(lèi)②關(guān)系代詞：在從句中做主，賓，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③關(guān)系副詞：在從句中作狀語(yǔ)(When/where/why)3.定語(yǔ)從句：用來(lái)做定語(yǔ)，修飾限定先行詞的句子定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)1.限制性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞起限定修飾作用。Heisateacher?（）worksatourschool.2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用(先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi))Beijing,?（）?isthecapitalofChina,isabeau
3、tifulcitywithalonghistory.比較：1.Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.?(Hehasonlytwosons.)2.Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.?(Perhapshehastwomoresons)定語(yǔ)從句的10個(gè)難點(diǎn)1.關(guān)系代詞的省略(限定性定語(yǔ)從句)(1)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)Sheisthegirl(whom/that)?Ilovedbefore.(可以省略whom/that)(2)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)Heisnol
4、ongertheboy(that)?heusedtobe.?(可以省略that)(3)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，介詞在從句句尾時(shí)可以省略Housingpriceisaproblem?(that/which)peopleareinterestedin.比較：Housingpriceisaproblem?inwhich?peopleareinterested.（此時(shí)只能用which且不能省略）?2.先行詞是人(that/who的區(qū)別)(1)用that的情況①以疑問(wèn)詞who開(kāi)頭的句子中Whoistheman?that?isshoutingthere
5、?②關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)Sheisnotthegirl?that?sheusedtobe.③先行詞被thevery,theright,theonly修飾Thisistheveryperson?that?wearelookingfor.(2)用who的情況①先行詞是one,ones,anybody,all,none,those等Those?who?wanttogotothecinema?willhaveto?waitatthegateoftheschool.②句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,一個(gè)用了that,另外一個(gè)用whoWhoisthebo
6、y?that?wonthegoldmedal?③在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中Therearemanyyoungmen?who?areagainsthim.④在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中Tom,?who?ismybestfriend,?hasgoneabroadtostudy.3.先行詞是物(that/which的區(qū)別)(1)用which的情況①在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中Shelostthegame,?which?depressedhergreatly.②關(guān)系詞置于介詞之后，作賓語(yǔ)Thepen?withwhich?youwrite?isJack’s.③先行
7、詞是that或定語(yǔ)從句中套定語(yǔ)從句,一個(gè)關(guān)系詞用that,另一個(gè)用which.Letmeshowyouthenovel?that?Iborrowedfromthelibrary?which?isnewlyopentous.(2)用that的情況①先行詞是不定代詞如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,noone等Shedidall?that?shecould?tohelpus.②先行詞被all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,heve
8、ry,theright，thelast等所修飾時(shí)Thisistheverybook?that?Iwant.③先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeople
