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1、生物多樣性2009,17(3):303–309doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08339BiodiversitySciencehttp://www.biodiversity-science.net·研究簡報·椒江口灘涂大型底棲動物群落格局與多樣性*趙永強曾江寧高愛根陳全震廖一波壽鹿(國家海洋局第二海洋研究所,國家海洋局海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與生物地球化學重點實驗室,杭州310012)摘要:為了解椒江口灘涂大型底棲動物群落格局與多樣性,揭示其對環(huán)境變化的響應規(guī)律,作者于2007年10月、2008年1月、4月和7月在椒江口
2、南岸和北岸潮間帶,沿河流到海洋方向共布設6條采樣斷面進行大型底棲動物調(diào)查。分析了大型底棲動物種類組成、棲息密度和生物量的時空變化特征,在此基礎上運用α,β和γ多樣性測度方法對大型底棲動物多樣性進行分析,同時探討了大型底棲動物群落結(jié)構(gòu)對環(huán)境變化的響應方向及程度,結(jié)果顯示:(1)6條斷面共記錄到大型底棲動物78種,總種數(shù)隨季節(jié)變化顯著,在空間上沿河流到海洋方向呈升高趨勢;(2)棲息密度的季節(jié)變化不顯著(P=0.145>0.05),但空間變化顯著(P=0.017<0.05),生物量的季節(jié)變化顯著(P=0.012<0.05),空間變化極顯
3、著(P=0.004<0.01);(3)β和γ多樣性指數(shù)定量顯示了椒江河口區(qū)域灘涂環(huán)境的多變性和大型底棲動物群落的多樣性和更替性。關(guān)鍵詞:河口,底棲生物,環(huán)境變化,α多樣性,β多樣性,γ多樣性Communitypatternanddiversityofmacrozoobenthosinanintertidalflat,JiaojiangEstuaryYongqiangZhao,JiangningZeng,AigenGao,QuanzhenChen*,YiboLiao,LuShouLaboratoryofMarineEcosystem
4、andBiogeochemistry,SecondInstituteofOceanography,StateOceanicAdministration,Hangzhou310012Abstract:InordertounderstandthecommunitypatternanddiversityofmacrozoobenthosinanintertidalflatoftheJiaojiangEstuary,andtorevealtheresponseofmacrozoobenthostoenvironmentalchange,w
5、ede-signedsixintertidalsamplingtransectsalongthebanksoftheJiaojiangEstuary,inOctober2007,January,April,andJuly2008,respectively.Temporalandspatialvariationofspeciescomposition,density,andbio-massofmacrozoobenthoswererecordedandanalyzed;furthermore,α,βandγdiversityindi
6、ceswereappliedtomeasurethebiodiversityofmacrozoobenthosinthestudyarea.Theresponseofmacrozoobenthostoenvi-ronmentalchangewasalsostudied.Themainresultswereasfollows:(1)Atotalof78macrozoobenthosspe-cieswererecorded.Therewasasignificantseasonalvariationofmacrozoobenthossp
7、ecies.Besides,thespe-ciesnumberhasanincreasingtrendfromrivertoseainbothbanks.(2)Macrozoobenthosdensitydemon-stratedinsignificantseasonalvariationbutsignificantspatialvariation,whereasbiomassdidnotvarysignifi-cantlybothseasonallyandspatially.(3)βandγbiodiversityindices
8、showedthattheenvironmentwaschan-gableandthecommunitypatternandbiotopeofmacrozoobenthoswerediversified.Keywords:estuary,benth
