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1、中國環(huán)境科學(xué)2014,34(5):1285~1292ChinaEnvironmentalScience藍藻暴發(fā)對巢湖表層沉積物氮磷及形態(tài)分布的影響1,211*11孔明,張路,尹洪斌,蔡永久,高俊峰(1.中國科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所,湖泊與環(huán)境國家重點實驗室,江蘇,南京210008;2.中國科學(xué)院大學(xué),北京100049)摘要:以巢湖表層沉積物及上覆水體為對象,于藍藻暴發(fā)前(4月)和藍藻暴發(fā)期(7月)采集水樣及沉積物樣品,分析了氮磷及其形態(tài)賦存特征,并探討了沉積物氮磷及其形態(tài)與藍藻暴發(fā)的關(guān)系.結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),藍藻暴發(fā)時
2、,巢湖表層沉積物總磷減少,總氮增加,同時削弱了磷在空間上分布+-的異質(zhì)性.從氮磷形態(tài)來看,藍藻暴發(fā)未造成巢湖表層沉積物氮形態(tài)(NH4-N、NO3-N和Org-N)含量和比例的明顯波動,但卻造成了活性磷(弱吸附態(tài)磷和鐵鋁結(jié)合態(tài)磷之和)含量及比例的下降,鈣結(jié)合態(tài)磷(Ca-P)以及有機磷(OP)含量及比例增加,生物有效性磷(AAP)的含量的減小.相關(guān)性分析表明,上覆水中葉綠素a(Chl-a)的濃度與鐵鋁結(jié)合態(tài)磷(Fe/Al-P)以及有機磷(OP)的含量顯著相關(guān)(P<0.05),卻與氮形態(tài)(銨態(tài)氮,硝態(tài)氮和有機氮)相關(guān)
3、性不顯著.巢湖沉積物磷(Fe/Al-P及AAP)對巢湖水體藍藻暴發(fā)具有促進作用,而氮及其形態(tài)對藍藻暴發(fā)作用較弱.關(guān)鍵詞:藍藻暴發(fā);沉積物;氮磷;形態(tài);生物有效性中圖分類號:X524文獻標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1000-6923(2014)05-1285-08Influenceofalgaebloomondistributionoftotalandspeciationofnitrogenandphosphorusinthesurface1,211*11sedimentsfromLakeChaohu.KONGMing,
4、ZHANGLu,YINHong-bin,CAIYong-jiu,GAOJun-feng(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvironment,NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China).ChinaEnvironmentalSci
5、ence,2014,34(5):1285~1292Abstract:SurfacesedimentandoverlyingwaterfromLakeChaohuweresampledbefore(inApril)andafter(inJuly)algalbloom.Totalandspeciationofnitrogenandphosphorusinthesedimentswereanalyzed,andtheirrelationshipwithalgalbloomwasdiscussed.Algalbloom
6、couldincreasetheconcentrationsofnitrogenanddecreasetheconcentrationsofphosphorusfromsurfacesediments,andthereforeweakentheheterogenicityofsedimentphosphorusconcentrations.The+algalbloomdidnotcausetheobviousfluctuationofconcentrationsandproportionofnitrogensp
7、eciation(NH4-N,-NO3-N,Org-N),butdecreasetheconcentrationsandproportionofreactivephosphorus(LPandFe/Al-P)ratherthantheproportionandcontentofCa-boundP(Ca-P)insurfacesediments.Meanwhile,algalboomdecreasetheconcentrationsofsurfacesedimentbioavailablephosphorus(A
8、AP)inwholelake.CorrelationanalysisindicatedthattheconcentrationofChlorophyll-acorrelatedsignificantlywithFe/Al-boundP(Fe/Al-P)andorganicphosphorus(OP)(P<0.05)butwiththe+-nitrogenforms(NH4-N,NO3-