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《長(zhǎng)期不同施肥下太湖地區(qū)稻田凈溫室效應(yīng)和溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度的變化》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫(kù)。
1、農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)2011,30(9):1783-1790JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience長(zhǎng)期不同施肥下太湖地區(qū)稻田凈溫室效應(yīng)和溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度的變化*劉曉雨,李志鵬,潘根興,李戀卿(南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)資源與生態(tài)環(huán)境研究所,南京210095)摘要:利用田間觀測(cè)和模型預(yù)測(cè)方法對(duì)太湖地區(qū)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期不同施肥處理的稻田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了稻季溫室氣體排放觀測(cè)和凈溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度分析。結(jié)果表明,不同施肥管理下,稻田土壤有機(jī)碳含量不同程度提高,有機(jī)無(wú)機(jī)肥料配施較單施化肥處理顯著提高有機(jī)碳庫(kù)儲(chǔ)量,并且秸稈處理略高于豬
2、糞處理。與不施肥處理相比,長(zhǎng)期施用肥料顯著提高了稻田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)CH4和CO2的排放量,有機(jī)肥料與化肥配施較單純施用化學(xué)肥料下土壤碳(CO2和CH4)排放增加,但化肥配施秸稈與化肥配施豬糞下稻田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)CH4和CO2的排放沒(méi)有顯著差異。不同施肥處理下,稻田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)凈溫室效應(yīng)表現(xiàn)為CFM≈CFS>CF>NF,但水稻生產(chǎn)的凈溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度并沒(méi)有顯著性差異。因此,在提高水稻產(chǎn)量的同時(shí),有機(jī)無(wú)機(jī)配合施肥并沒(méi)有提高凈溫室氣體的排放強(qiáng)度。關(guān)鍵詞:稻田;長(zhǎng)期施肥;溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度;全球增溫潛勢(shì)中圖分類號(hào):X511文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1
3、672-2043(2011)09-1783-08GreenhouseGasEmissionandCIntensityforaLong-termFertilizationRicePaddyinTaiLakeRegion,ChinaLIUXiao-yu,LIZhi-peng,PANGen-xing*,LILian-qing(InstituteofResource,EcosystemandEnvironmentofAgriculture,NanjingAgricultureUniversity,Nanjing210095,Chi
4、na)Abstract:Impactofagriculturalmanagementonglobalwarmingpotential(GWP)andgreenhousegasintensity(GHGI)wasstudiedbycom-biningfieldmeasurementdataandmodelpredictionmethods.Theexperimentwasconductedinalong-termfertilizationstationinitiated1987,locatedinTailakeregion.
5、Thefertilizationtreatmentsincludednofertilizerapplication(NF),applicationofchemicalnitrogenfertiliz-ersonly(CF),combinedapplicationofchemicalfertilizersandpigmanure(CFM),andstrawreturn(CFS).Wefoundthatlong-termfertiliza-tionsignificantlyenhancedsoilcarbonstock.App
6、licationoffertilizersintensivelypromotedCH4andCO2emissionscomparedwiththecontroltreatment.Relativetoinorganic-onlyfertilization,combinedfertilizationsignificantlyenhancedthecarbontransferfromsoilstotheatmo-sphere,butnodifferencewasdetectedbetweenCFMandCFS.Compared
7、withchemicalnitrogenfertilizeronlyplots,combinedorganicandinorganicfertilizerremarkablyincreasedthenetannualGWP.However,therewerenodifferencesofGHGIsamongthreefertilizationtreat-ments.Keywords:ricepaddy;long-termfertilization;greenhousegasintensity;globalwarmingpo
8、tential[4]CO2、CH4和N2O是重要的農(nóng)業(yè)源溫室氣體,人類放量占全球人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的甲烷排放的50%。在農(nóng)自身發(fā)展排放促使其在大氣中的濃度逐步上升,而顯業(yè)生產(chǎn)中稻田被認(rèn)為是人類活動(dòng)排放甲烷的主要生[1-3][5-7]著加劇全球變暖。據(jù)估計(jì),2005年全球農(nóng)業(yè)溫室氣物源之一,中國(guó)稻田甲烷的排放則