資源描述:
《桃園梨小食心蟲發(fā)生為害調(diào)查及防治對策》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫。
1、山西農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2010,38(5):47—5OJoofShanxiAgriculturalSciencesdoi:10.3969~.issn.1002-2481.2010.05.14桃園梨小食心蟲發(fā)生為害調(diào)查及防治對策李唐,連梅力,馬平順,張筱秀,周運寧(山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物保護(hù)研究所,山西太原030032)摘要:2008-2009年,在山西代縣桃園開展了梨小食心蟲發(fā)生動態(tài)監(jiān)測和為害桃梢消長規(guī)律調(diào)查,調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),應(yīng)用性誘劑監(jiān)測桃園梨小食心蟲成蟲,前期誘蛾量大,高峰期明顯;后期誘蛾量小,高峰期不明顯,且后期梨小食心蟲世代重疊現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,性誘劑監(jiān)測能
2、為桃園梨小食心蟲前期進(jìn)行適期防治提供幫助;明確了梨小食心蟲為害桃梢盛期在5月中旬至7月上旬,為桃園前期保梢防治提供了有益幫助。結(jié)合調(diào)查和防治工作實踐,提出了桃園梨小食心蟲的防治策略以及包括桃園規(guī)劃、農(nóng)業(yè)措施、性誘劑應(yīng)用、赤眼蜂釋放、藥劑防治等比較規(guī)范的綜合防治技術(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞:桃園;梨小食心蟲;防治對策中圖分類號:S436.621.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1002—2481(2010)05—0047—04SurveyofInfectionDamageandControloftheOrientalFruitMoth,Grapholithamol
3、esta(Busck)inPeachOrchardLITang,LIANMei-li,MAPing-shun,ZHANGXiao—xiu,ZHOUYun-ning(InstituteofPlantProtection,ShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Taiyuan030032,China)Abstract:Thedynamicoftheorientalfruitmoth,GrapholithamolestaandthedynamicofpeachshootswhichweredamagedbyG.mo
4、lestawereinvestigatedinpeachorchardinDaixiancounty,Shanxiduring2008to2009.Itwasshowedthatbignumbersoftheadultswere~appedbysexpheromoneandthepeakwasobviousinthepriorperiod.Onthecon~ary,inthelaterperiod,thenumbersoftheadultswerefewandthepeakwasnotobvious.eventheoverlappingge
5、nerationswereserions.UsingsexpheromonecouldprovidedhelptocontrolG.molestainthepriorperiodinpeachorchard.Frommid—Maytoearly—JulyweretheperiodinwhichpeachshootsdamagedseriouslybyG.molesta.Combininginvestigationwiththepracticalwork,controltacticsandthestandardizedcontroltechn
6、iquesincludingpeachorchardplanning,agriculturalmeasures,Trichogrammaspreleasing,sexpheromoneuseandchemicalcontrolwereadvanced.Keywords:Peachorchard;Grapholithamolesta(Busck):Controlmeasures梨小食心蟲(GrapholithamolestaBusck)為孔口周圍有流膠和蟲糞,當(dāng)遇降雨高濕條件時,我國桃園主要害蟲之一,發(fā)生范圍廣,為害嚴(yán)重。脫果孔易被病原菌侵染
7、腐爛】,經(jīng)濟(jì)損失嚴(yán)重。前期,全部為害桃樹新梢;中期,以為害桃樹新梢近年梨小食心蟲的發(fā)生普遍提前,蛀食桃果為主,部分為害桃果;后期,大量為害桃果,少量的時間也相應(yīng)提前,加重了梨小食心蟲對桃果的為害桃樹新梢。幼蟲蛀食桃樹新梢時,多從新梢直接為害。因此,加強(qiáng)桃園梨小食心蟲安全高效頂部第二三片葉的基部蛀人,向下蛀食,蛀道內(nèi)防治,對確保桃樹樹勢、樹形、品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量意義重充滿蟲糞,蛀孔外有流膠和粒狀蟲糞,被害新梢大。2008-2009年,我們在山西代縣桃園開展了頂端的葉片會萎蔫下垂而后干枯。幼蟲蛀食至木梨小食心蟲發(fā)生動態(tài)監(jiān)測和為害桃梢消長規(guī)律質(zhì)化部分后,
8、從新梢中爬出,轉(zhuǎn)移到他梢為害,I調(diào)查,結(jié)合工作實踐,提出了相應(yīng)的防治對策。頭幼蟲可轉(zhuǎn)移為害2~3個新梢,嚴(yán)重影響樹勢1材料和方法和樹形的發(fā)展。幼蟲蛀食桃果時,多從梗洼處蛀人,先取