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1、SedimentControlSedimentBasin(SBN)PracticeDescriptionAsedimentbasinisanearthenembankmentsuitablylocatedtocapturerunoff,withanemergencyspillwaylinedtopreventspillwayerosion,interiorporousbafflestoreduceturbulenceandevenlydistributeflows,andequippedwithafloatingskimmerford
2、ewatering.Sedimentbasinsaredesignedtoprovideanareaforrunofftopoolandsettleoutaportionofthesediment.Oldtechnologyutilizedaperforatedriserfordewatering,whichallowedwatertoleavethebasinfromalldepths.Onewaytoimprovethesedimentcapturerateistohaveanoutletthatdewatersthebasinf
3、romthetopofthewatercolumnwherethewateriscleanest.Askimmerisprobablythemostcommonmethodtodewaterasedimentbasinfromthesurface.Thebasicconceptisthattheskimmerdoesnotdewaterthebasinasfastasrunoffentersitbut,instead,allowsthebasintofillandthenslowlydrainovermultipledays.This
4、processhastwoeffects.First,thesedimentintherunoffhasmoretimetosettleoutpriortodischarge.Second,apoolofwaterformsearlyinastormevent,whichincreasessedimentationratesinthebasinandreducesturbidity.Manyofthestormswillproducemorevolumethanthetypicalsedimentbasincapacityandflo
5、wratesinexcessoftheskimmercapability,resultinginflowovertheemergencyspillway.Thiswaterisalsocomingfromthetopofthewatercolumnandhastherebybeen“treated”toremovesedimentasmuchaspossible(adaptedfromSoilFacts:DewateringSedimentBasinsUsingSurfaceOutlets,N.C.StateUniversity,So
6、ilScienceDepartment).PlanningConsiderationsSedimentbasinsareneededwheredrainageareasaretoolargeforothersediment-controlpractices.4-298SedimentControlSelectlocationsforbasinsduringinitialsiteevaluation.Locatebasinsothatsuddenfailureshouldnotcauselossoflifeorseriousproper
7、tydamage.Installsedimentbasinsbeforeanysitegradingtakesplacewithinthedrainagearea.Selectsedimentbasinsitestocapturesedimentfromallareasthatarenottreatedadequatelybyothersediment-controlmeasures.Alwaysconsideraccessforcleanoutanddisposalofthetrappedsediment.Locationswher
8、eapondcanbeformedbyconstructingalowdamacrossanaturalswalearegenerallypreferredtositesthatrequireexcavation.Whe
