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1、第45卷第5期機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào)Vol.45No.52009年5月JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGMay2009DOI：10.3901/JME.2009.05.204*恒定微壓下微小流量的非定常流測量方法11112魏列江冀宏李少年強(qiáng)彥魏中英(1.蘭州理工大學(xué)流體動(dòng)力與控制學(xué)院蘭州730050；2.蘭州蘭飛醫(yī)療器械有限公司蘭州730070)摘要：為了精確測量微小流道中的微小流量，提出了用非定常流等效定常流進(jìn)行恒定微壓下微小流量測量的新方法，推導(dǎo)出了非定常流等效定常流進(jìn)行微小流量測量時(shí)的水頭適用條件。利用流體力學(xué)拉格朗
2、日積分建立非定常流的非線性微分方程，用Matlab軟件對(duì)非線性微分方程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值解析，得出該測量方法的理論誤差，數(shù)值結(jié)果表明在不考慮測試管段沿程阻力的條件下，被測試件過流面積與測試管斷面積比值越小，非定常流與定常流條件下的測量結(jié)果差別越小。依據(jù)所提出的測量方法建立微小流量非定常流測量裝置，實(shí)測結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算結(jié)果吻合良好。計(jì)算和試驗(yàn)表明：在滿足水頭適用條件且被測試件過流面積與測試管斷面積比值小于3.422%時(shí)，非定常流測量方法測試精度可保證在2.27%以內(nèi)。關(guān)鍵詞：微小流量微壓非定常流測量方法精度中圖分類號(hào)：TB937Non-steady
3、FlowMethodforMeasuringtheMicroFlowatConstantMicropressure11112WEILiejiangJIHongLIShaonianQIANGYanWEIZhongying(1.CollegeofFlowPowerandControlEngineering,LanzhouUniversityofTechnology,Lanzhou730050;2.LanzhouLanfeiMedicalInstrumentCo.Ltd.,Lanzhou730070)Abstract：Inordertomea
4、surethemicroflowinmicrochannelpreciselyandeasily,anewmeasuringmethodbasedontheideaofutilizingnon-steadyflowstatetobeequivalenttosteadyflowstateusedintraditionalmeasurementisproposed.Theapplicableconditionofpressureheadforthenewmeasuringmethodisderived.BasedonLagrangeinte
5、gralprincipleinfluiddynamics,amathematicmodelinformofnon-lineardifferentialequationisbuiltandanalyzednumericallybyusingMATLABsoftware,sothetheoreticalerroroftheproposedmethodisobtained.Thenumericalresultsrevealthatthedifferencebetweenmeasurementresultunderthenon-steadyfl
6、owstateandthatunderthesteadyflowstatereduceswiththedecreasingoftheratiooftheareasofthemicrochannelandthetubeinupperstreamwhenthepressurelossinthetubeisomitted.Then,anapparatusformeasuringthemicroflowisestablishedaccordingtotheproposedmethod.Themeasuredresultsfromtheappar
7、atusagreewellwiththetheoreticalcalculationresults.Bothresultsshowthatthemeasuringerrorislowerthan2.27%whentheapplicableconditionofpressureheadissatisfiedandtheratioofcrosssectionalareasofthemicrochannelandthetubeinupperstreamissmallerthan3.422%.Keywords：MicroflowMicropre
8、ssrueNon-steadyflowMeasurementmethodPrecision[1]比如，人工心臟瓣膜的返流量測試要求測量瓣膜*0前言關(guān)閉、跨瓣壓差為10.67～16.00kPa時(shí)流過瓣膜微2小
