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1、淺析提高寧夏主要造林樹種林木良種使用率的途徑陳衛(wèi)寧，李英武，牛錦鳳，劉英，紀麗萍（寧夏國有林場和林木種苗工作總站，寧夏銀川，750001）摘要：截至“十二五”末，全區(qū)審（認）定通過的林木良種66個，其中優(yōu)良種源12個、一代種子園3個、母樹林3個、優(yōu)良無性系11個、優(yōu)良品種37個。審（認）定通過的生態(tài)造林樹種良種涵蓋了我區(qū)南部山區(qū)、中部沙區(qū)、北部平原地區(qū)造林綠化的主要樹種；經(jīng)濟林良種已成為我區(qū)林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的支柱品種；園林綠化良種在我區(qū)城市園林綠化中被廣泛應用。目前全區(qū)林木良種產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展還存在結構性矛盾突出、良種推廣率低等問題，筆者通過踏查統(tǒng)計、分析研究提出
2、了做好林木良種產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)學研相結合，進行區(qū)域試驗，有序開展引種馴化，制定標準技術規(guī)程，提高全區(qū)主要造林樹種林木良種使用率的方法和對策。關鍵詞：造林綠化；林木良種；使用率；途徑Approaches?to?Upgrading?the?Extension?ofImproved?Afforestation?Germplasm?in?NingxiaChen?Weining，LiYingwu，NiuJinfeng，LiuYing，JiLiping(Ningxia?Management?Center?for?State-own?Forest?Farms?and?Fore
3、st?Seeds?and?Seedlings,?Yinchuan,?Ningxia?750001?PRC)10Abstract:?By?the?end?of?2015,?the?improved?germplasm?resources?officially?registered?in?Ningxia?included?12?provenances,?3?F1?seed?orchards,?3?mother?tree?forests,?11?clones?and?37?varieties.?They?encapsulated?the?main?speci
4、es?for?the?afforestation?in?the?southern?mountainous?areas,?central?desertification?areas?and?northern?plains?of?Ningxia.?Improved?varieties?are?at?the?leading?position?for?fruit?production?and?are?popularly?employed?in?urban?beautification?and?landscaping.?However,?there?are?st
5、ill?some?problems?in?the?development?of?germplasm?resources?such?as?the?structural?conflicts?in?seed-seedling?sectoral?progress?and?the?low?extension?rate?of?improved?seeds?and?seedlings.?On?the?basis?of?field?investigations?and?analysis,?approaches?to?upgrading?the?extension?of
6、?improved?afforestation?germplasm?in?Ningxia?are?proposed?such?as?the?combinations?among?production,?education?and?research,?the?network?of?regional?tests,?the?introduction?and?domestication?of?improved?germplasm?and?the?formulation?of?technical?standards?and?specifications.?Key
7、?words:?afforestation?and?greening,?improved?forest?seeds?and?seedlings,?extension?rate,?approach為夯實我區(qū)林木良種發(fā)展基礎，推進林木良種產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，科學謀劃“十三五”林木良種發(fā)展，進一步推進林木良種化進程，提高主要造林樹種林木良種使用率。筆者對全區(qū)主要造林樹種林木良種使用情況進行了統(tǒng)計分析，初步探索了提高我區(qū)林木良種使用率的方法和途徑。1統(tǒng)計分類和范圍1.1統(tǒng)計樹種按照經(jīng)濟林、速生豐產(chǎn)林（商品林）、生態(tài)林、其他四類統(tǒng)計全區(qū)“十二五”期間主要造林樹種總造
8、林面積、分別統(tǒng)計我區(qū)審（認）定通過的地方林木良種的造林面積，計算良種使用率。1.2計算公式10
