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1、高考英語短文改錯破題技巧(1) 一、“短文改錯”題中的常見錯誤類型1.動詞:(1)主要考察能力:時態(tài)語態(tài)錯誤、主謂是否一致(第三人稱單數(shù))、動詞的非謂語形式、固定搭配錯誤等。在改錯題中,動詞方面的考查比例較大。(2)出題形式: ①時態(tài)混用 ie,Thenthetroublestarted.Wecannotopenthedoor.Soweaskedthepolicemanforhelp. 講解:很顯然此句子主時態(tài)是一般過去式,因此應把can改為could?! 、谥髦^不一致 ie,TherewereafootballgameonTVlastSaturdayevening.
2、 講解:原句中afootballgame決定了謂語動詞必須用單數(shù),所以應該把were改為was?! 、酃潭ù钆洹 e,Ihavegivenupsomke.Thedogdoesn’tlikethesmell.講解:giveupdoingsth。因此動詞somke應該改為somking。練習:1.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoon...keeps→keeping2.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.becoming→becom
3、e3.Howaboutjoinus?Thecampisatthefootofasmallhill.join→joining4.I’llsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport.meet→tomeet2.時態(tài)、語態(tài)方面的錯誤這類錯誤主要為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)與過去時態(tài)、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的誤用。做題時,應注意把握文中動詞時態(tài)的呼應規(guī)律,注意把握諸個并列動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)的呼應規(guī)律。例如:1.WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelbefore.have→had2.Today,Igotalettertha
4、tsaidIhadbeenadmittingtoacollege.admitting→admitted3.Wehungasignonthefrontdoorthatwasread:“We’rehavingdinner...”去掉was4....sometimesallthatisneedissomeonetorelyon.need→needed5.I’llsendmyfriendCharlietomeetyouattheairportwhenyouarrived.arrived→arrive3.主謂一致方面的錯誤這類錯誤主要指主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,謂語動詞形式的錯誤。因此做題
5、時,要注意謂語動詞的形式要和句子主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如:1.“Ijustwanttoknowwhatthesignsay.”say→says2.Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.wish→wishes3.HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.are→is4.WhatmaysurpriseyouarethatI’mgoingto...are→is4.名詞:10(1)主要考察能力:名詞單復數(shù)形式的誤用,可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的錯誤,名詞所有格中“’s”的誤置等。(2)出題形式: 單復
6、數(shù)混用ie,Helenisseventeenyearold.Sheisverybusy. 講解:“年齡多大了”應該為復數(shù)形式,應此應該把year改為years?! ∽⒁猓捍~單復數(shù)混用類似。 Asforafriendship,wecanreadilyfindtheminourclassmatesandotherpeoplearoundus. 講解:顯然因該把them改為it,指代前面提及的friendship。練習:1.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.ideas→idea2.Insummer,theseaunderth
7、eblueskiesisevenmorebeautiful.skies→sky3....you’vebeensettleddowninBostonandaregettingusedtothelocalwaysoflife.ways→way4....butshemarkedstrictlyonstudent’sactualperformance...student’s→students’5.Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.wa