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1、GuidelinesfortheDesignandStatisticalAnalysisofExperimentsUsingLaboratoryAnimalsMichaelF.W.FestingandDouglasG.AltmanAbstractCance1995).Thissituationisunethicalandresultsinawasteofscientificresources.Incontrast,high-qualitymeth-Forethicalandeconomicreasons,itisimportanttodesignodswillhel
2、ptoensurethattheresultsarescientificallyanimalexperimentswell,toanalyzethedatacorrectly,andreliableandwillnotmisleadotherresearchers.tousetheminimumnumberofanimalsnecessarytoachieveTheaimoftheseguidelinesistohelpinvestigatorswhothescientificobjectives—butnotsofewastomissbiologi-useanim
3、alsensurethattheirresearchisperformedeffi-callyimportanteffectsorrequireunnecessaryrepetitionofcientlyandhumanely,withtheminimumnumberofexperiments.Investigatorsareurgedtoconsultastatisticiananimalstoachievethescientificobjectivesofthestudy.atthedesignstageandareremindedthatnoexperimen
4、tSomeknowledgeofstatisticsisassumedbecausemostsci-shouldeverbestartedwithoutaclearideaofhowthere-entistswillhavehadsometraininginthisdiscipline.How-sultingdataaretobeanalyzed.Theseguidelinesarepro-ever,scientistsusinganimalsshouldalwayshaveaccesstovidedtohelpbiomedicalresearchworkerspe
5、rformtheirastatisticianwhocanhelpwithunfamiliaroradvancedexperimentsefficientlyandanalyzetheirresultssothattheymethods.canextractallusefulinformationfromtheresultingdata.TheseguidelinesandsuggestionsforfurtherreadingareAmongthetopicsdiscussedarethevaryingpurposesofbasedpartlyonprevious
6、lypublishedguidelinesforcon-experiments(e.g.,exploratoryvs.confirmatory);theexperi-tributorstomedicaljournals(Altmanetal.2000)andforinmentalunit;thenecessityofrecordingfullexperimentalvitroexperiments(Festing2001).Althoughausefulsetofdetails(e.g.,species,sex,age,microbiologicalstatus,s
7、trainguidelinesfor“appropriatestatisticalpractice”intoxicol-andsourceofanimals,andhusbandryconditions);assigningogyexperimentshaspreviouslybeenpublished(Mulleretexperimentalunitstotreatmentsusingrandomization;otheral.,1984),withamoreextensivesetofsuggestionsfortheaspectsoftheexperime
