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1、讀語篇學(xué)語法——強(qiáng)調(diào)句與倒裝句Alaska,whichwascalledRussianAmericabeforeitwassoldtotheUnitedStates,joinedtheUnionasthe49thstatein1959.Alaskaisnowthelargestofallthe50statesoftheUSA.①Itwasin1867thatPresidentAndrewJohnson’sSecretaryofStates（國務(wù)卿）,WilliamH.Seward,boughtAlaskafromtheRussiansatthecostof$7.2million.Thebuyi
2、ngofthenorthernlandseemedatfirstsomethingfoolishlydone.②NotonlywasAlaskadifficulttoreach,butitwasalsohardtolivein,anditappearedtobeofnoimportanceintimeofwar.③Besidestherearevolcanoes（火山）thereasAlaskaliesonthePacific“ringoffire”.InAlaskalargetreelessareasarecoveredwithsnowalltheyearround.Forthesereas
3、onsthebuyingofAlaskawascalled“Seward’sFolly（蠢事）”atthattime.However,in1896,goldwasfoundinAlaska,andpeoplepouredintotheland.Thenotherimportantnaturalresourceswerediscovered,includingoil.ButnowmostpeoplevisitAlaskainordertoseetheendlessbeautyofnaturethatthenorthernlanddisclosestothem.④Forexample,therea
4、reabout11,000islandsinAlaska.AndinacertainareaofAlaskathesundoesn’tsetfor82dayseveryyear.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：顧名思義，強(qiáng)調(diào)句就是對(duì)句子的某一成分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，以加強(qiáng)語氣或引起重視。英語中常見的表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的方式有以下三種：1.用助動(dòng)詞do(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)),does(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)和did(一般過去時(shí))來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞。如：1）Thegirlsdolookprettytoday.2）Thelittlegirldoeslookniceinthatgreendresstoday.3）Theboysdidhavea
5、goodtimelastnight.從上述結(jié)構(gòu)不難看出，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)——一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。2.固定句型：強(qiáng)調(diào)句的句型主要是：Itis/was…that/who/whom…。該句型可以用來強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語動(dòng)詞以外的任何成分。例如上文中的①：Itwasin1867thatPresidentAndrewJohnson’sSecretaryofStates（國務(wù)卿）,WilliamH.Seward,boughtAlaskafromtheRussiansatthecostof$7.2million.該句強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間狀語in1867。意思是：正是在1867年，當(dāng)時(shí)擔(dān)任美國總統(tǒng)AndrewJoh
6、nson國務(wù)卿的WilliamH.Seward以七百二十萬美元的價(jià)格從俄羅斯人手里買下了阿拉斯加。2）Itwastheirteacherwhohelpedthemsolvetheproblem.正是他們的老師幫他們解決了這一問題。3）ItwasLucywhomTommetinthepartyyesterday.Tom昨天在聚會(huì)上見到的正是Lucy。注意：⑴該句型中的that，who和whom都不可以省略。⑵that與who和whom之間的區(qū)別。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分例句that可以是事、物、人、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等除了謂語之外的其他任何句子成分1.ItwasLucythatTommetinthepartyyes
7、terday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語）2.ItwasTomthatmetLucyinthepartyyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語）3.ItwasyesterdaythatTommetLucyintheparty.（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語）4.ItwasinthepartythatTommetLucy.（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語）除了可以強(qiáng)調(diào)詞、短語之外，還可以強(qiáng)調(diào)從句Itisbecausehedoesn’thaveanyexpe
