資源描述:
《Self-Assembling Peptide Nanostructures》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關內容在學術論文-天天文庫。
1、October9,201214:21PSPBook-9inx6in04-Edith-Svendsen-c04Chapter4Self-AssemblingPeptideNanostructures:TowardsBioactiveArti?cialProteinNanomaterialsYong-beomLimDepartmentofMaterialsScience&Engineering,YonseiUniversity,50Yonsei-ro,Seoul,120-749,Koreayblim@yonsei.ac.kr4.1IntroductionProteinsareperhapson
2、eofthemostdiverseandcomplexstructuresinnature.Thefunctionaldiversityofproteinsisverybroad.Enzymesperformcatalyticfunctions,convertingsubstratesintoproductswithanincrediblespeedandspeci?citycomparedwithcommonorganicreactions.Therearestructuralproteinsinthecytoskeletonandextracellularmatrixthatarere
3、sponsibleformaintainingcellshape,intracellulartransport,cellmotility,andcelladhesion.Membraneproteinsormembrane-associatedproteinsperformfunctionssuchastransportandenzymaticactivities.Inaddition,therearemanyexamplesofproteinsthathavecharacter-isticfunctionsandstructuralroles.Becauseofsuchfunctiona
4、land?2012byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLCOctober9,201214:21PSPBook-9inx6in04-Edith-Svendsen-c0494Self-AssemblingPeptideNanostructuresstructuraldiversityofproteins,itisdi?culttocapturetheirim-portantfeatureswithinanyoneclassi?cationscheme.Furthermore,post-translationalmodi?cationssuchasglycosylation,phosp
5、hory-lation,andubiquitinationfurthercomplicatethefunctionalandstructuraldiversityofproteins.Proteins,similartosyntheticpolymers,areinfactpolymericmolecules.However,proteinshavemanyuniquecharacteristicscomparedtosyntheticpolymers.Oneofthemostsalientfeaturesofproteinsisthateachproteinformsauniquethr
6、ee-dimensionalstructurethatisdeterminedbytheiraminoacidsequence.Anypolypeptidechaincontainingnresiduescould,inprinciple,foldinto8nconformations[1].However,proteinsynthesismachinerypro-videsamechanismforcorrectlyfoldinganascentpolypeptidechainwithremarkablyhighaccuracyande?ciency.Therefore,allprote
7、inmoleculesgenerallyadoptonlyasinglethree-dimensionalstructure.Whencomparedtosyntheticpolymers,anotherimportantcharac-teristicfeatureofproteinsismonodispersityinmolecularweight.Duetothismonodisperseproperty,lot-t