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1、CP48-39/18/0711:17AMPage135CanadianPsychologyCopyright2007bytheCanadianPsychologicalAssociation2007,Vol.48,No.3,135-155DOI:10.1037/cp2007014IntroductiontoFunctionalDataAnalysisDANIELJ.LEVITINClassicalmultivariatestatisticalmethodsmaybeMcGillUniversityappliedtosuchdata,butt
2、heycannottakeadvantageoftheadditionalinformationimpliedbythesmooth-REGINAL.NUZZOnessoftheunderlyingfunctions.ThefunctionaldataGallaudetUniversity,Washington,D.C.analysis(FDA)methodsthatwedescribeherecanoftenextractadditionalinformationcontainedintheBRADLEYW.VINESfunctionsa
3、ndtheirderivatives,notnormallyavailableUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisthroughtraditionalmethods.ThegoalsofthispaperaretosurveysomeofthisJ.O.RAMSAYmethodologyratherthantoofferadetailedaccount,McGillUniversitytoprovideaconceptualandintuitiveintroduction,andtoprovidelinkstofurt
4、herresources(e.g.,Ramsay&Silverman,2002,2005;Vines,Nuzzo,&Levitin,Abstract2005).WeaimtoshowinbroadstrokesthekindsofPsychologistsandbehaviouralscientistsareincreasing-datathatcanbetreated,andthekindsofquestionslycollectingdatathataredrawnfromcontinuousthatcanbeansweredwithi
5、nanFDAframework.Weunderlyingprocesses.WedescribeasetofquantitativewillillustratehowFDAworksinaninterestingexperi-methods,FunctionalDataAnalysis(FDA),whichcanmentalcontextonmusicandemotionthatbringsansweranumberofquestionsthattraditionalstatisti-togethermuchofthenoveltyandp
6、owerofFDAcalapproachescannot.Thesemethodsareapplicable(Vines,Nuzzo,Krumhansl,Wanderley,&Levitin,foranalyzingmanydatasetsthatarecommoninexper-2006).Wechosethisexamplebecauseverydifferentimentalpsychology,includingtimeseriesdata,repeat-datafromstudiesindozensofotherdomainsca
7、nbeedmeasures,anddatadistributedovertimeorspaceanalyzedunderaquitesimilarapproachtothattakenasinneuroimagingexperiments.Theprimaryadvan-inourillustration.WedonotassumeanyparticulartageofFDAisthatitallowstheresearchertoaskques-levelofbackgroundforreadersofthepresentarticle.
8、tionsaboutwheninatimeseriesdifferencesmayexistWehaveattemptedtomakethisintroductionintuit
