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1、Unit1:(1)Youareminutelyanalyticalandcanfulfillanytaskthatrequiresmeticulousattentiontodetail.(2)AspartoftheKyoto____protocol______,manydevelopedcountrieshaveagreedtolegallybindingreductionsintheiremissionsofgreenhousegasesintwocommitmentsperiods.(3)Char
2、les'sletterwasindeedpublished,_____albeit___inasomewhatabbreviatedform.(4)Wewilljustthrowthemintotheairandnoonewillaskagainuntilpeopleare____embroiledinlitigation.(5)AmericanAssociationofUniversityProfessorsdefines_____plagiarism______as“takingovertheid
3、eas,methods,orwrittenwordsofanother,withoutacknowledgmentandwiththeintentionthattheybetakenastheworkofthedeceiver.(9)Whencompleted,theballsare_____incorporated________intootherobjectsbeforetheyaresold,includingtrophiesandlampstands.(10)Itisawayofrecover
4、ingpenaltiesbyasanctionwhichisthemostseriousoneknowntolaw.2.研究者應(yīng)告訴所有參加研究的被試有關(guān)研究的一切特點和細節(jié),盡管這樣做也許會影響被試參加實驗的意愿,但還是應(yīng)該這樣做。研究者應(yīng)對被試提出關(guān)于實驗的各種問題給予解釋和回答。Researchersshouldtelleveryparticipantaboutallthecharacteristicsanddetailsofthestudy,thoughsuchanactmayaffectth
5、ewillingnessofsubjects.Researchersshouldalsotrytoanswerorexplainanyquestionabouttheexperimentfromsubjects.坦率和誠懇應(yīng)當是研究者和被試之間關(guān)系的基本點。當研究出于方法上的需要不得不向被試隱瞞或欺騙時,研究者必須設(shè)法讓被試理解這樣做的理由,并力求回復(fù)兩者之間原有的關(guān)系。Franknessandsincerityaresupposedtobeessentialtotherelationshipbetw
6、eenresearchersandsubjects.Whenresearchershavetohidefromordeceivesubjectsformethodologicalreasons,theyneedtohavesubjectsunderstandthereasonsfordoingsoandtrytorecovertheiroriginalrelationships.研究者應(yīng)尊重被試在研究中任何時候自由提出拒絕參加或終止實驗的要求,特別是當研究者的權(quán)力高于被試時,更需要注意這一點。Rese
7、archersshouldrespectthesubjects’rightsandfreedomtorefuseorterminatetheirparticipationinthestudyatanytime.Thispointisevenmoresalientwhenresearchershavehigherpower-relationshipthansubjects.有關(guān)實驗步驟和措施在道德上的可接受性,應(yīng)該在一開始就要在研究者和被試之間達成明確和公正的一致意見,明確每個人的責任。研究者有責任遵守
8、和履行協(xié)議中規(guī)定的承諾和義務(wù)。Asregardsthemoralacceptabilityofexperimentalproceduresandmeasures,theremustbeaclearandfairagreementreachedbyresearchersandsubjectsattheoutsetinordertoclarifyeachother’sresponsibility.Researchershavearesponsibilityt