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1、單鼻孔經(jīng)蝶入路垂體瘤的顯微手術(shù)治療許興徐義昌趙昌平安徽省宣城市人民醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科【摘要】目的探討單鼻孔經(jīng)蝶入路顯微手術(shù)切除垂體瘤的臨床應(yīng)用及手術(shù)技巧。方法對(duì)21例垂體瘤采用經(jīng)單鼻孔-蝶竇入路顯微手術(shù)患者的臨床資料及手術(shù)效果進(jìn)行冋顧性分析。結(jié)果腫瘤全切除14例,次全切5例,2例部分切除;13例功能性垂休瘤術(shù)后內(nèi)分泌功能恢復(fù)正?;蚝棉D(zhuǎn),12例術(shù)前有視野缺損的術(shù)后均冇不同程度改善,15例術(shù)后冇尿崩癥,經(jīng)治療后恢復(fù)正常。結(jié)論單鼻孔經(jīng)蝶竇入路垂體瘤的顯微手術(shù)治療創(chuàng)傷小,恢復(fù)快,療效滿意,是治療垂體腺瘤安全有效的方法。【關(guān)鍵詞】經(jīng)蝶入路垂體腺瘤顯微手術(shù)Micro
2、surgicaltreatmentofpituitaxyadenomasthroughsingle-nostriltranssphenoidalapproachXuXing,XuYichang,ZhaoChangping,DepartmentofNeurosurgery,thepeople"shospitalofXuanchengcity,Xucheng,Anhui(242000),China[Abstract]ObjectiveToexploretheclinicalapplicationandtheoperativetechniqueofmic
3、rosurgicaltreatmentonpituitaryadenomasthroughsingle-nostriltranssphenoidalapproach.MethodsTheclinicaldataof21caseswithpituitaryadenomaswereretrospectivelyanalyzed,eachpatientundergoingmicrosurgicaltreatmentthroughsingle-nostriltranssphenoidalapproach.ResuItsAmongthe21cases,14c
4、asesacceptedtotalresection,5casessub-totalresectionand2casesmosttumorsresection.Aftersurgery,transientdiabetesinsipidusin15casesandnopermanentdiabetesinsipidus,12caseswithdecreasedvisionbeforeoperationhadvisionimprovedafteroperation.9patientswithmenstrualdisordergotnormalmenst
5、ruationafteroperation.1patientsgotnormalgrowthhormone.Therewasnopostoperativedeath.ConclusionSingle-nostriltranssphenoidalapproachwasasafeandefficientapproachofpituitaryadenomasMicrosurgicaltreatment,whichmadepatientrecoverysoonerbyfewercomplications.[Keywords]Transsphenoidala
6、pproach;Pituitaryadenoma;Microsurgery垂體腺瘤是顱內(nèi)常見的良性腫瘤,發(fā)病率為1/10萬,約占顱內(nèi)腫瘤的10-20%,l]o單鼻孔蝶經(jīng)竇入路具微侵襲性的特點(diǎn),在臨床中得到廣泛應(yīng)用⑵,是目前治療垂體腺瘤最主要的手術(shù)入路。我科自2010年1月至2013年7月對(duì)21例垂體瘤患者行單鼻孔經(jīng)蝶入路顯微手術(shù)治療,現(xiàn)冋顧性分析如下。1、資料與方法1.1一般資料本組21例男7例女14例,最大年齡70歲,最小年齡19歲,平均48歲。臨床表現(xiàn)停經(jīng)、泌乳刀經(jīng)功能紊亂9例,肢端肥大2例,視力減退、視野缺損12例,頭痛15例。1.2術(shù)前均行
7、鞍區(qū)MR增強(qiáng)掃描檢查,蝶竇冠狀CT檢查。微腺瘤(直徑〈1?0cm)4例,大腺瘤(直徑l-3cm)11例,巨大腺瘤(直徑>3cm)6例1.3內(nèi)分泌學(xué)及病理檢查血泌乳索增高者9例,生長激索增高2例,促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素例1例,促卬狀腺激素腺瘤1例,內(nèi)分泌正常8例1.4手術(shù)方法氣管插管全麻后取仰位,頭后仰30度,一般選擇經(jīng)右側(cè)鼻孔入路。在手術(shù)顯微鏡下,鼻窺鏡沿著鼻屮隔滑入,在離蝶竇前壁約2cm處撐開,顯露鼻屮隔根部粘膜,弧形切開鼻中隔根部粘膜2cm并外側(cè)分開,繼撐開鼻窺鏡,離斷骨性鼻屮隔,將肯性鼻屮隔及左側(cè)鼻粘膜推向左側(cè),顯露蝶竇前壁,或鼻屮隔軟骨與骨性交界
8、區(qū)切開粘膜,推開鼻屮隔軟骨,在骨性鼻屮隔的兩側(cè)分離鼻屮隔粘膜,并切除骨性鼻中隔,到達(dá)蝶竇。以蝶悄為中線標(biāo)志,找出兩側(cè)蝶竇開