中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)發(fā)展問題與對(duì)策研究

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1、典當(dāng)是一種以物品或權(quán)利作為抵押或質(zhì)押來進(jìn)行融資的方式?，F(xiàn)代典當(dāng)行業(yè)在金融體系中總體上處丁獨(dú)立、邊緣和弱勢(shì)的地位，起一?種彌補(bǔ)不足、調(diào)劑余缺的作用。在中國(guó)，典當(dāng)行業(yè)是一個(gè)既古老又新興的行業(yè)，建國(guó)后，曾一度徹底絕跡，直到典當(dāng)行業(yè)復(fù)出，隨著整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境的巨大變化，對(duì)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展提出了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。論文的第一部分闡述了典當(dāng)?shù)亩x、構(gòu)成要素、特點(diǎn)以及典當(dāng)?shù)牡匚唬坏诙糠纸榻B了中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及中國(guó)對(duì)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的管理；第三部分提出了中國(guó)現(xiàn)代典當(dāng)行業(yè)在發(fā)展過程中存在的行業(yè)屬性不清、行業(yè)法律法規(guī)不健全、專業(yè)人才匱乏、融資渠道不通暢、實(shí)際

2、業(yè)務(wù)范圍狹窄等問題；最后一部分分別針對(duì)上述問題制定相應(yīng)的解決對(duì)策，以此推動(dòng)中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的發(fā)展，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)整個(gè)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞：典當(dāng)；質(zhì)押；融資；貸款A(yù)bstractPawnisabehaviortofinancethroughthemortgageorpledgeofthegoodsorrights.Modernpawnbrokingisgenerallyinanindependent,vulnerablepositionofthefinancesystem,servingasafunctionofregulatingsupplies.Althou

3、ghpawnbrokinghasalonghistoryinChina,whichhasbeenvanishedfordecadesafterliberation,itisanewlydevelopmentindustrycurrently.Withthegreatchangesofeconomicandsocialenvironment,thesurvivalanddevelopmentofthepawnbrokingarefacedwithseriouschallenges.Thefirstpartofthethesisexpoundsthedef

4、initionofthepawn,theelementsandthecharacteristics,aswellasitsstatus;thesecondpartintrouducesthehistoricaldevelopment,thecurrentsituationandthemanagementinChinarelatedtopawnbroking;thethirdpartproposesseveralproblemsexsitinginthedevelopmentprocessofmodempawnbroking,includingprofe

5、ssionattributeconfusion,imperfectionsinlawsandregulations,starvationoftheprofessionals,obstructedfinancingchannel,limitedbusinessscopeinactualandsoon.Inthelastpart,weputforwardsomecorrespondingcountermeasures,topromotethedevelopmentofpawnbrokinginChina,aswellasthedevelopmentofso

6、cialeconomy.KeyWords:Pawn;Pledge;Finance;Loan弓丨言11典當(dāng)行業(yè)概述21」典當(dāng)?shù)亩x21.2典當(dāng)?shù)臉?gòu)成要素31.3典當(dāng)?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)31.4典當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?2中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r72」中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的歷史72.1.1中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)發(fā)展史72.1.2屮國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的復(fù)出72.2中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀82.2.1正處丁?一個(gè)快速發(fā)展階段82.2.2經(jīng)營(yíng)管理正日趨完善92.3中國(guó)對(duì)典當(dāng)行業(yè)的管理102.3.1經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)范圍102.3.2辦理步驟113中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)存在的問題133」行業(yè)屬性不清133.2行業(yè)法律法規(guī)不健全133.2.1法

7、律法規(guī)Z間存在著孑盾133.2.2法律法規(guī)與現(xiàn)實(shí)操作存在沖突153.3專業(yè)人才匱乏153.4融資渠道不通暢163.5實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)范圍狹窄164中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)發(fā)展對(duì)策184」確立行業(yè)屬性184.1.1金融中介屬性184.1.2商業(yè)銷售屬性184.1.3資產(chǎn)置換和商品保管屬性194.2建立健全法律法規(guī)194.2.1尊重傳統(tǒng)重視創(chuàng)新204.2.2結(jié)合實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管214.3建立人才培養(yǎng)機(jī)制214.4擴(kuò)大融資渠道224.5拓展實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)范圍22結(jié)論24致謝25參考文獻(xiàn)26附錄A（英文原文）28附錄B（漢語(yǔ)翻譯）32中國(guó)典當(dāng)行業(yè)發(fā)展問題與對(duì)策研究引言據(jù)資料記載，典

8、當(dāng)在中國(guó)是一個(gè)古老的行業(yè)。典當(dāng)行業(yè)萌芽丁漢朝，興起于南北朝,成熟于大唐五代，立行于兩宋，鼎盛于