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1、語音知識1爆破1)IncompletePlosion不完全爆破Plosives+plosives曝破音加爆破音Nextdoor.Quitedifferent,abigcatatthattimePlosives+fricatives爆破音加摩擦音firstvisitstepforwardgetthereaskthemgoodseasonPlosives+afTricates爆破音加破擦音agoodjobasweetdreamahardjourneyacolddrink2).NasalPlosion鼻音爆破t,d+m,nGoodmorning.attendmeetingsatnoondo
2、n'tknowaloudnoise3).LateralPlosion邊音爆破t,d+1agoodleaderatlunch失去爆破現(xiàn)象不僅僅發(fā)生在兩個單詞Z間,也可以發(fā)生在同一個單詞的內(nèi)部?例如:Englishfriendlyhandbag等等。練習(xí)Sitdown,please.Welcometoourhospital!Here'sacupofhottea.Goodmorning!Haveagooddream!We'llhavelunchrightnow.Letmeintroducemyself.2連讀:1?詞尾輔音+詞前元音以ng結(jié)尾讀[N]的單詞,如果后面緊跟以元音音素開頭的單詞
3、,發(fā)生連都時,中間加一個咅素[g]。ringhim.Willyourepeatit?Goodaftcmoon.Don'tmentionit.2?詞尾元音+詞首元咅Ioughttotellyou.It'stooeasyformetodoit.Ihopeyouenjoyit.縮略即在書寫吋將兩個或多個相鄰的單詞省略某些字母而連接起來,在口頭說出吋則省略相應(yīng)的某些音素后讀做一個單詞。我們把縮略的書寫形式稱為縮略式,把縮略產(chǎn)生的音變稱為縮略咅。例如:Iam—Fm;youhave—you9ve;howis—how's;thatwould―that'd3.詞尾/〃音+詞首元音以“或r結(jié)尾的單詞,
4、在英音中,它們不發(fā)音,在美音中,讀田,和以元咅咅素開頭的單詞相臨時,發(fā)生連讀。Nobotheratall.Excusemeforamoment.4擊穿輕輔音[h]的連讀,如果前一個單詞以輔音音素結(jié)尾,后一個單詞的讀音以輕輔音音素[h]開頭,語速較快時,直接與[h]后面的元音音素發(fā)生連讀。例如:isn'the在聽力中聽到的往往是[iznti]oCan'the?Lenthimabook.[注〕1).如果出現(xiàn)在詞尾音節(jié)的元音前,那么詞尾的那個「不與下一個詞首元音連讀。nearerandnearer2).再有停頓的地方,i?不與后面的元音連讀。這一原則也實用于其他連讀現(xiàn)象。F11gother
5、elaterifI'mtree.Yes,Ithinkso.Well,Tmgladto.3同化:1?/t/+/j/一-/tj/Whatyouhavetodois…,situation2./d/+/]/—/d3/Didyouhaveagoodrestlastnight?education3./s/+/J/或/j/…/J/thisshop,thisyear4./z/+/j/…[z],becauseyou練習(xí)Wouldyoupleasedomeafavor?(Could???)Nicetomeetyou!Weatherthisyearisquitestrange?4濁化:1.清輔音/p//t
6、//k/出現(xiàn)在句首,后面緊跟一重讀元音,送氣較強。too,time,term2.如果/p//t//k/出現(xiàn)在重讀音節(jié)前而,它們前而有一個/s/音,/p//t//k/兒乎不送氣,這就叫濁化。/p//t//k/變?yōu)?b/,/d/,/g/,spring,student,stop,speed,sky,streeto3./p//t//k/出現(xiàn)在弱讀元音前,送氣較弱。doctor,supper,happyo4./p//t//k/出現(xiàn)在詞尾時送氣稍有減弱。這時即使有/s/音,也不減弱那么厲害。如:week,right,bat,ship,fast,graspo5句子重音1).有句子重音的詞名詞It'
7、sabook.形容詞Itisanoldbook.數(shù)詞Thereareeightpeopleintheroom.Thesecondpictureisbetter.實意動詞Itoldhim.副詞earlytobedandearlytorise感嘆詞Oforacupofwater!指示代詞Thatisamap.名詞性物主代詞Itisnotmybook.Itishis.用于加強語氣用的反身代詞Ididitmyself.復(fù)合代詞Nobodyisabsent.Some