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1、摘要:1873年由德國(guó)學(xué)者恩斯特?卡爾?阿貝(ErnstKarlAbbe,1840-1905)提出的二次成像理論及其相應(yīng)的空間濾波實(shí)驗(yàn),是空間濾波技術(shù)先導(dǎo)。隨著后來(lái)對(duì)空間濾波技術(shù)理論的完善,使其廣泛應(yīng)用到科學(xué)技術(shù)的齊個(gè)領(lǐng)域。文章通過(guò)二維傅里葉分析將平面光場(chǎng)的復(fù)振幅分布分解為不同空間頻率(即不同方向)的平面光的疊加,結(jié)合光的標(biāo)量衍射理論得到透鏡的傅里葉變換性質(zhì)。接著提出阿貝成像和空間濾波技術(shù),并對(duì)其進(jìn)行二維傅里葉分析。最后對(duì)空間濾波進(jìn)行MATLAB模擬加深對(duì)空間濾波的理解,并了解空間濾波在圖像處理方而的應(yīng)用。阿貝成像及其空間濾波實(shí)驗(yàn)啟示人們可以通過(guò)改變光波的頻譜結(jié)構(gòu),使其像按照人們的要求得到預(yù)期
2、的改善。在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展的光學(xué)信息處理技術(shù),可用光學(xué)的方法對(duì)信息實(shí)施某種運(yùn)算或變換以達(dá)到對(duì)感興趣的信息進(jìn)行提取、編碼、存儲(chǔ)、識(shí)別和恢復(fù)的口的。這種處理方法具有二維、并行和實(shí)時(shí)處理的優(yōu)越性。關(guān)鍵字:二維傅里葉變換,標(biāo)量衍射,透鏡的傅里葉變換,空間濾波Abstract:Principleofsecondimageformationanditscorrespondingspatialfilteringexperiment,putforwardbyGermanscholarErnstKarlAbbein1873(ErnstKarlAbbe,1840-1905),wastheforerunnerofspa
3、tialfilteringtechniques.Subsequently,itiswidelyappliedinallfieldsofscienceandtechnologywiththedevelopmentofspatialfilteringtechniquetheory.Inthispaper,complexamplitudedistributionisdecomposedintosuperpositionofplanelightindifferentspatialfrequency(thatisdifferentdirection)throughFourieranalysisintwo
4、dimensions,soastoobtainFouriertransformpropertiesoflenscombingscalardiffractiontheoryoflight.ThenAbbessimageryandspatialfilteringtechniquesareproposed,meanwhile,twodimensionalFourierisanalyzed.Andfinally,MATLABsimulationofspatialfilteringisconductedinordertodeepentheunderstandingofit,besides,theappl
5、icationofspatialfilteringintheaspectofimageprocessingisalsodescribed?Abbessimageryanditsspatialfilteringexperimentcanenlightenusthattheimagescanbeimprovedasourexpectationandrequirementthroughchangingthefrequency-spectrumstructureoflightwave.Therefore,theinformationwhichisinterestedbyuscanbeextracted
6、,coded,stored,identified,andrestoredbyutilizingcertainoperationandconversionwiththemethodofoptics,whichisopticalinformationprocessingtechniquedevelopedonthebasisofthisresults.Furthermore,thisprocessingmethodownstheadvantagesoftwodimensional,parallel,andreal-timeprocessing.Keywords:Two-DimensionalFou
7、rierTransform,ScalarDiffractionTheory,FourierTransformPropertiesofLens,SpatialFiltering1緒論-3-1.1課題背景-3-1.2阿貝成像簡(jiǎn)介-3-1.3本文的主要內(nèi)容-4-2二維傅里葉分析-4-2.1平面波的空間分布一4一2.2數(shù)學(xué)上的二維傅里葉變換—5—2.3單色平面光場(chǎng)的二維傅里葉分析-5-3光的標(biāo)量衍射理論-