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1、HighStakesAreforTomatoesUnit14stakeHighstakeapunFigureofSpeechastickormetalbardrivenintothegroundaspartofafenceorasasupportormarkerAhigh-stakestestisanassessmentwhichhasimportantconsequencesforthetesttaker.BackgroundinformationThekeyfeaturesofahigh-st
2、akestestare:AsingledefinedassessmentAclearlinedrawnbetweenthosewhopassandthosewhofailAdirectconsequenceforpassingorfailingWhatdoyouthinkofexams?Isitanefficientwaytoevaluatestudents’abilities?Warm-upAdvantagesofexams:Testsstimulatestudentstoworkharder,
3、andhelpthemtoseewhattheyhavelearnedandwhattheyhaven’t.Andtheyalsohelpteacherstofindtheeffectoftheirteaching…Warm-upDisadvantagesofexams:Thetestsmaymisleadteachersintotest-driventeachingandstudentsintotest-orientedlearning,whichmayintheendstifletheirin
4、novativeness.Toomanytestsoverstressthestudentsanddoharmtotheirhealth…Warm-upWhoisfor“highstakestests”,andwhoisagainst“it”?politiciansandbusinessleadersingeneralsomeparents,teachers,students(educationliberals/conservatives)TextLearningWhatdoes“highstak
5、estests”mainlymeantostudentsandteachersorschools?Tests’scorewilldecidetheirgraduationortheirpromotioningrade;Individualschoolsandteachers’andprincipals’salaries(funding)TextLearningWhatarethecomplaintsaboutthe“high-stakestesting”?Obsessivepreparation;
6、killcreativity;vaguestandards;testsnotbasedonmaterialtaught;unfairtopoorandminoritystudents;overstressyoungchildren;toolongortootoughorsimplynotgoodenough.TextLearningAccordingtotheauthor,whatshouldthegovernmentandtheadvocatesof“highstakestests”do?pro
7、videmorethanonestandardforgraduation;bolsterpublic’sunderstandingofthereformsoastomakethesystemwork.TextLearningAssignmentPreviewUnit15ReviewUnit14VocabularyTheWashingtonAssessmentofStudentLearning(WASL)isastandardizededucationalassessmentsystemthatis
8、alsousedasahighschoolgraduationexaminationinthestateofWashington.TheWASLassessmentconsistsofexaminationsoverfoursubjects(reading,mathematics,science,andwriting)withfourdifferenttypesofquestions(multiple-choice,short-answer,essay,andproblemsolv
