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1、第?42卷第?12?期中南大學學報(自然科學版)Vol.42No.122011年?12?月JournalofCentralSouthUniversity(Scienceand?Technology)Dec.?2011受電弓設備對列車氣動特性影響的風洞試驗張雷,楊明智(中南大學交通運輸工程學院,軌道交通安全教育部重點實驗室,湖南長沙,410075)?摘要:為了充分了解和掌握在強側風作用下受電弓設備(受電弓和導流罩)對高速列車氣動性能的影響,通過風洞試驗對強側風下高速列車運行時的氣動性能進行測量和分析。實驗結果表明:當側
2、滑角小于15°時,列車模型阻力系數(shù)隨著側滑角的增大而增加,當側滑角為15°時,阻力系數(shù)出現(xiàn)拐點,拐點后阻力系數(shù)開始下降,其側向力系數(shù)的絕對值和升力系數(shù)隨著側滑角的增大而增加;受電弓設備對頭車的影響較小,但可使中車側向力系數(shù)的絕對值及阻力系數(shù)明顯增加,使尾車的阻力系數(shù)明顯減小,而側向力系數(shù)明顯增加;受電弓設備中“浴盆”式導流罩對高速列車阻力系數(shù)的影響強于“擋板”式導流罩的影響,但對升力系數(shù)及側向力系數(shù)的影響弱于“擋板”式導流罩的影響。關鍵詞:受電弓;導流罩;高速列車;氣動性能;風洞中圖分類號:U270.1?文獻標志碼:
3、A文章編號:1672?7207(2011)12?3894?05Wind?tunnelexperimental?of?impact?on?aerodynamic?characteristicsfor?vehicle?bypantograph?equipmentZHANGLei,YANGMingzhi(KeyLaboratoryofTrafficSafetyon?Track,MinistryofEducation,SchoolofTraffic&Transportation?Engineering,CentralSout
4、h?University,Changsha410075,China)Abstract:In?orderto?study?the?impactofpantograph?equipment(pantograph?and?thedome)on?the?aerodynamic?performance?ofhighspeed?trains?in?crosswind,the?aerodynamicproperties?ofhighspeed?train?were?measured?and?analyzed?bywindtunne
5、ltest.The?resultsshowthatwhentheyawangleislessthan15°,thetrainresistancecoefficientincreases?withtheincreaseofyawangles?whentheyawangleis15°,dragcoefficientmeets?theinflectionpoint,anditdeclinesaftertheinflectionpoint,and?the?absolutevalueofsideforce?coefficien
6、tandtheliftcoefficientincrease?with?the?increaseofthe?yawangle.The?impactofpantograph?equipmenton?head?caris?smaller,buttheabsolute?value?ofside?force?coefficientandthedragcoefficientofmiddle?carincreasesignificantly.The?dragcoefficientofthe?lastcarreduces,andi
7、tssideforce?coefficientincreasessignificantly.Theeffectofbathtub?dome?on?the?dragcoefficientofhighspeedtrain?is?strongerthan?thatofbaffle?dome?,while?the?effecton?the?liftcoefficientand?theside?force?coefficientisweakerthan?thatof“baffle”?dome.Keywords:pantogra
8、ph?dome?highspeedtrain?aerodynamiccharacteristics?windtunnel[3?4]?強側風作用下,高速列車氣動性能惡化,嚴重影蘭新線風區(qū)多且風速高,而在高風速高車速的條件響列車運行的穩(wěn)定性,因此,容易造成列車脫軌、傾下,受電弓設備的安裝會使列車周圍流場變得更為復[1?2]?覆事故。我國建鐵路沿線多