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1、表語從句1、概述用作表語的從句叫作表語從句,它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。引導表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、asthough(if);關(guān)系代詞who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等;關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等??梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動詞由be,look,remain,seem等。That引導表語從句時,在口語中,間或可以省略。Thetroubleisthatweareshorto
2、fmoney.困難是我們資金短缺。ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn'tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.當時,我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當?shù)淖盅蹃怼?、由從屬連詞that,whether引導的表語從句。that在引導表語從句時無詞義,而whether有詞義,意為、“是否”。這時主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞,如question(問題),
3、trouble(麻煩),problem(問題),result(結(jié)果),chance(可能性),suggestion(建議),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表語從句對主句主語進行說明、解釋,使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。Thetroubleis(that)shehaslosthismoney.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。Theproblemwasthatitwastoovaluableforeverydayuse.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。Wh
4、atshecouldn’tunderstandwasthatfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.我們不能理解越來越少的學生對他的課不感興趣。3、由關(guān)系代詞引導的表語從句。關(guān)系代詞who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等引導表語從句,在句中作主語、賓語、表語,關(guān)系代詞不能省略。Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.問題是我們哪一個應(yīng)該去。Theproblemwaswhocoulddot
5、hework.問題是誰能做這項工作。That'swhatheisworryingabout.那就是他在擔心的事。That'swhatweshoulddo.那是我們應(yīng)該做的。4、由關(guān)系副詞引導的表語從句。Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’swhyIgotwetthrough.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣,這是我們淋濕的原因。Thatishowmiceruinmanystoresofgraineveryyear.那
6、就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.那就是他所擔心的。5、由連詞because,asif/asthough等引導的表語從句。Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.看起來好像要下雪了。That'sbecauseweneverthoughtofit.這是因為我們從未想過此事。Itseemsasifhedidn’tknowtheanswer.好像他不知道答案??梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有:1:be(being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel,seem,loo
7、k,appear,sound,taste,smell3:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall5:prove,turnout系動詞的固定搭配:cometrue,fallasleep,fallill,gobad,comeright,runwild連接詞:that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引導表語從句)連接代詞:who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞:when/where/why/how/because注:引導表語從
8、句的連詞that間或可以省略?! hetruthis(that)Ididn'tgothere.事實是我沒去那兒。[考題1