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1、一、定語從句(重要考點)定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。定語從句概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhoisbeautiful.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingattheme
2、etingisaworker.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并為一個句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,who,whom,whose,that,asWhere,when,whyP11：資料1分類限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不可缺少沒有逗號補充說明有逗號不能用that(指物時用which)定語從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是物時,用which或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.當(dāng)先行詞是人時
3、,用who,whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.who作定語從句的主語或賓語.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語Whom作定語從句的賓語Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語whose作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisat
4、eacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語that可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.注意:關(guān)系代詞在從句中作動詞賓語時可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.2、who(m),which和that的主要用法。資料2下列情況只能用that1先行詞有人有物。２先行詞被序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級所修飾時。３先行詞為all，everything,nothing,somethinganything等不定代詞修飾時。4.先行詞被every,no,some,any,little,much修飾時
5、。5.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。關(guān)系副詞的使用when在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy..onwhichwhere在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==why在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞for+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=3、
6、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)資料1)．介詞+which2)．代詞/數(shù)詞+of+whom/which練習(xí)題6，30考點：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句居句首時。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.當(dāng)與such或thesame連用時，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.3.as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態(tài)，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如從句中行為動詞是
7、主動語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.4).as在定語從句中的用法:練習(xí)題36，40Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______
