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1、形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法?1.?形容詞是用來(lái)描寫或修飾名詞或代詞的一類詞。?在句中主要做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)等成分。做定語(yǔ)時(shí)修飾名詞或代詞(一般為不定代詞),修飾名詞時(shí)常放于名詞前,修飾不定代詞時(shí)常放于不定代詞后,做表語(yǔ)時(shí)和系動(dòng)詞(簡(jiǎn)稱系詞)連用,構(gòu)成一個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:?Can?you?hear?the?loud?noise???(定語(yǔ))?The?noise?is?very?loud?.??(表語(yǔ))The?quiet?girl?is?my?sister.??(定語(yǔ))?My?sister?looks?very?quie
2、t?.?(表語(yǔ))?2.?常和形容詞連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)的連系動(dòng)詞有:?look?(看起來(lái),看上去),??feel?(感覺),?taste?(嘗起來(lái)),?smell?(聞起來(lái)),get??(變得),turn(變),become(成為,變得),sound??(聽起來(lái))等。??例如:The?flowers?smell?sweet.????這些花聞起來(lái)很香。?The?soup?taste?nice.???3.?副詞是用以修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,其他副詞以及全句的詞?例如:?The?men?and?the?women?walk?
3、quickly.???這些男女走得很快。?The?children?walk?slowly.????孩子們走得很慢。?1.原級(jí)的構(gòu)成和用法???l)構(gòu)成:形容詞,副詞的原級(jí)形式是形容詞,副詞的原形.???2)用法:表示雙方在程度,性質(zhì),特征等某方面相等時(shí),用“?as?十原級(jí)形容詞或副詞十?as”的結(jié)構(gòu);表示雙方不相等時(shí),用“??not?so?(as)十原級(jí)形容詞或副詞十?as”的結(jié)構(gòu);表示一方是另一方的若干倍時(shí),用“倍數(shù)十?as十原級(jí)形容詞或副詞十?as”的結(jié)構(gòu).?例如:This?building?looks
4、?not?so?(as)?high?as?that?one.?????Ms.Sun?speaks?English?as?well?as?you.???????This?room?is?three?times?as?large?as?that?one.??2.比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成和用法??1)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成:??①單音節(jié)形容詞以及少數(shù)以-?er,-?ow結(jié)尾的形容詞和副詞加“?er”/“est”????great????greater?????????narrow??narrower???fast?????fas
5、ter??????????clever???cleverer????②以?e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞和副詞后以及少數(shù)以-?ble,-?ple結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞和副詞后,加“?r”,.????large???larger?????????able????abler????simple??simpler????③以一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞,其前的元音字母發(fā)短元音時(shí),該輔音字母要雙寫,然后加“?er”,“?.?????????????????hot???hotter???????④以輔音加?y結(jié)尾的形容詞和少數(shù)不是形容
6、詞加?ly構(gòu)成的副詞要將?y改為??i,再加“?er”,???easy???easier?????????early???earlier???happy??happier???⑤一般雙音節(jié)詞、多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞在原級(jí)前??beautiful??more?beautiful???????????????carefully??more?carefully????⑥少數(shù)單音節(jié)形容詞也加?more和?most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。?????????????????tired?more?tired??????pleased??m
7、ore?pleased???⑦下列形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)可有兩種構(gòu)成方法.????cruel????crueler?????????more?cruel?????often????oftener??????more?often??????strict????stricter?????more?strict??????friendly??friendlier?????more?friendly????????????????????⑧下列形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成不規(guī)則.????good,well????bett
8、er???bad,?ill????????worse??????many,much???more???????little??less????far??????farther??????further????old?????????elder/older??????????????2)比較級(jí)的用法??①雙方比較,表示一方超過(guò)另一方時(shí),用“比較級(jí)十?than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示.例如:????????????