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1、HunanTechnicalandVocationalEducationandTrainingDemonstrationProject(RRPPRC45511)FULLFINANCIALANALYSISA.Introduction1.Thefinancialduediligenceincludes(i)assessmentofthefinancialpositionoftheprovincial,city,countygovernments,andtheprojecttechnicalandvocat
2、ionaleducationandtraining(TVET)institutions,(ii)afinancialsustainabilityanalysis,and(iii)afinancialassessmentoftheexecutingandimplementingagencies.Thefinancialanalysesandpreparationofthefinancialmanagementassessment(FMA)wereundertakeninaccordancewiththe
3、Asian1DevelopmentBank(ADB)FinancialManagementandAnalysisofProjectsandFinancialDue2Diligence:AMethodologyNote.B.FinancingofEducation2.Countrycontext.GovernmentfinancingforeducationandtraininginthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)hasbeenlowbyinternationalstand
4、ardsat3.0%ofgrossdomesticproduct(GDP),whilemembercountriesoftheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)spendonaverage5.8%.ThePRCGovernmentisincreasinglyconsciousofthevalueofhighly-skilledhumancapital.In2010,thePRCGovernmentidentifiedTVETa
5、sthekeytargetforeducationalexpansiontodevelopaskilledworkforce,andapprovedtheNationalLong-TermStrategyonEducation(2010–2020).In2012,thePRCGovernmentannouncedthatfiscalexpenditureoneducationwillreach4%ofGDP,andthisindicatesthegovernment’sincreasedfocuson
6、increasinginvestmentineducationtotransformthecountry'sgrowthpatternandboostconsumption.InthePRC,vocationalandtechnicaleducationistheresponsibilityoflocalgovernments.Localgovernmentscovermorethan80%oftotalpublicspendingoneducation.The20%fromthecentralgov
7、ernmentisprimarilytargetedatthe9-yearbasiceducationandotherspecialprojects.CentralgovernmentfundingforTVETislimitedandonlyforspecialprojectsforselectedkeyinstitutions.FormostoftheTVETinstitutions,financinghasbeeninadequateforneededimprovementsinfaculty,
8、curriculum,pedagogy,equipment,andfacilities.Basedoninternationalexperience,TVETtendstobemoreexpensivethangeneraleducationonaperstudentbasisduetohigherdemandforequipmentandotherfacilities.However,inthePRCexpenditureperstudentforTV
