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1、2016,35(7):1360—1367農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報2016年7月——————————————————————————————————————————————_.JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience●-————————————————————————————————————————————一李美璇,王觀竹,郭平.生物炭對凍融黑土中銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮淋失的影響【J】.農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報,2016,35(7):1360—1367.LIMei—xuan,WANGGuan—zhu,GUOPing.Effectsofbiocharonammoniumnitrogenandnit
2、ratenitrogenleachingfromblacksoilunderfreeze-thawcycle[J]JournalofAgro—EnvironmentScience,2016,35(7):1360-1367.生物炭對凍融黑土中銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮淋失的影響李美璇,王觀竹,郭平+(吉林大學(xué)環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院,地下水資源與環(huán)境教育部重點實驗室,長春130012)摘要:為了深入研究凍融條件下生物質(zhì)炭對東北黑土中銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮淋失的影響效果,為解決凍融作用下黑土中無機(jī)氮素的淋失問題提供科學(xué)依據(jù),采用室內(nèi)模擬土柱淋溶實驗方法研究了生物質(zhì)炭對經(jīng)過不同凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)處理土壤中銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮淋失的影響。研究
3、結(jié)果表明:凍融會增加土壤氮素的淋失,且淋失量與凍融次數(shù)有關(guān),施加生物質(zhì)炭可以有效降低土壤因凍融作用引起的氮素淋失;玉米秸稈炭對無機(jī)氮素淋失降低率在76.15%~85.79%之間,樹枝炭在55.26%一68.09%之間,可以看出玉米秸稈炭持氮效果較樹枝炭更好;在凍融次數(shù)分別為3和1時,玉米秸稈炭和樹枝炭持氮能力最強(qiáng);兩種生物質(zhì)炭對銨態(tài)氮的固持能力均優(yōu)于硝態(tài)氮。關(guān)鍵詞:凍融;生物質(zhì)炭;黑土;銨態(tài)氮;硝態(tài)氮中圖分類號:X53文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號:1672—2043(2016)07—1360—08doi:10.11654/jaes.2016.07.019Effectsofbiocharonammon
4、iumnitrogenandnitratenitrogenleachingfromblacksoilunderfreeze-thawcycleLIMei-xuan,WANGGuan—zhu,GUOPing’(KeyLaboratoryofGroundwaterResourcesandEnvironmentoftheMinistryofEducation,CollegeofEnvironmentandResources,JilinUni-versity,Changchun130012,China)Abstract:Leachingisoneofimportantnitrogenlosspathw
5、ays.Biocharmayreducetheleachingbecauseofhugesurfacearea.Herealabo-ratorycolumnstudywasconductedtoexaminetheeffectofbiocharapplicationsonleachingofammoniumnitrogenandnitratenitrogeninblacksoilsfromtheNortheasternChinaunderdifferentfreeze-thawfrequencies.Fr℃ezing—thawingincreasednitrogenleaching,andth
6、eleachingamountwasrelatedtofreeze—thawfrequency.Applyingbiochareffectivelyreducedthenitrogenleachingcausedbyfreeze—thaw.InorganicNleachingwasreducedby76.15%-85.79%and55.26%-68.09%,respectively,bycom-stoverandtwigsbiochars.Obviously,corn-stoverbiocharwasmoreeffectivethantwigsbiochardid.At3and1ofthefr
7、eeze—thawfrequency,nitrogenfixationcapacitiesofCOrn--stoverandtwigswererespectivelythehighest.Inaddition,biochareffectonammoniumnitrogenwasgreaterthanonnitratenitrogen.Thesefindingsshedlightonmeasures