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1、中文摘要金屬納米粒子在與光作用時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)表面等離子體共振效應(yīng),這種效應(yīng)會(huì)引起局域電場增強(qiáng),可以使金屬納米材料具有大的光學(xué)非線性極化率及超快的響應(yīng)速度。具有大的光學(xué)非線性和超快的響應(yīng)的材料是制備超快光電器件關(guān)鍵。研究金屬納米顆粒的光學(xué)非線性有助于理解能量在電子.電子、電子.聲子、聲子一聲子之間轉(zhuǎn)移的過程,弄清非線性的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制。金銀等貴金屬納米粒子的表面等離子體共振峰在可見光范圍內(nèi),因此受到了更廣泛的研究重視。本論文研究了金銀納米粒子的光學(xué)非線性。簡要闡述金銀靶材燒蝕的動(dòng)力學(xué)過程,采用飛秒激光燒蝕法制備了金銀納米粒子。利用飛秒激光開孔Z—scan技術(shù),研
2、究了能量、重復(fù)頻率對(duì)金銀納米粒子光學(xué)非線性吸收性質(zhì)的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在波長為400nm能量較低的飛秒激光脈沖作用下,金納米粒子呈現(xiàn)出反飽和吸收的性質(zhì),而銀納米粒子呈現(xiàn)飽和吸收特性。隨著能量增大,銀納米粒子還呈現(xiàn)出由飽和吸收向反飽和吸收轉(zhuǎn)化的現(xiàn)象。并且激光重復(fù)頻率對(duì)開孔z—scan實(shí)驗(yàn)曲線的對(duì)稱性也有影響。另外,利用飛秒激光泵浦一探測技術(shù)研究了金銀納米粒子的超快光動(dòng)力學(xué)過程。通過理論分析得出金銀納米粒子的特征弛豫時(shí)間。關(guān)鍵詞:非線性光學(xué);飛秒激光;Z~掃描;泵浦一探測;納米粒子ABSTRACTMetalnanoparticlesshowsurface
3、plasmonresonanceundertheexcitationofthelight.Theeffectcallleadtotheenhancementoflocalfield,whichmakesthatthemetalnanoparticlesexhibitlargeopticalnonlinearityandultrafastresponse.Thematerialswithlargeopticalnonlinearityandultrafastresponsearethekeytothepreparationofultrafastopt
4、oelectronicdevices.TheresearchofopticalnonlinearityofmetalnanoparticleshelpsUStounderstandtheprocessofenergytransferbetweentheelectronandelectron,electronandphonon,phononandphonon,andhelpsUStoclarifytheoriginofopticalnonlinearity.Thesurfaceplasmonresonancepeakofgoldandsilverna
5、nopartielesisinthevisiblerange,whichattractsattentionofscientists.Inthisthesistheopticalnonlinearityofgoldandsilvernanoparticlesisinvestigated.Firstly,goldandsilvernanoparticlesarepreparedbyusingfemtosecondlaserablationandthedynamicsofablationprocessisdescribed.Opticalnonlinea
6、rabsorptionofgoldandsilvernanoparticlesisreserchedatdifferentrepetitionrate.a(chǎn)nddifferentenergybyusingfemtosecondlaseropenZ—scantechnology.Wefoundthatgoldnanoparticlesshowthereversesaturableabsorptioninthewavelengthof400nm.While,silvernanoparticlesshowasaturableabsorptionatlowe
7、nergy,andshowsthetransformationfromsaturableabsorptiontoreversesaturableabsorption.Furthermore,wefoundthatthesymmetryofexperimentalcurveisaffectedbyrepetitionrate.Finaly,theultrafastdynamicprocessofgoldandsilvernanoparticlesisresearchedbyusingfemtosecondlaserpump-probetechnolo
8、gy.Thecharacteristicrelaxationtimeofgoldandsilvernanoparticle