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1、塑料工業(yè)第43卷第6期·106·CHINAPLAsTICSINDUSTRY2015年6月酚醛泡沫的物理回收及其在聚氨酯硬質(zhì)泡沫中阻燃研究(1.碳纖維及功能高分子教育部重點實黃驗室長江北京,化何工立大凡學(xué),,邱藤,李效玉北京100029;2.北京化工大學(xué)化學(xué)工程學(xué)院,北京100029)摘要:用廢酚醛泡沫的粉末顆粒為炭源,聚磷酸銨(APP)為酸源和氣源,組成新型化學(xué)膨脹阻燃復(fù)配體系,添加到硬質(zhì)聚氨酯泡沫組合料中,經(jīng)發(fā)泡制備了一種具有高阻燃性能的泡沫材料。為了對比說明添加效果,部分回收酚醛泡沫粒子(PF)在高溫下炭化處理??疾炝俗枞继盍狭W拥募尤肓繉ε菽膲嚎s強度、壓縮模量、氧指數(shù)、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、燃燒
2、表觀狀態(tài)等的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明,酚醛粒子表面官能團能參與聚氨酯發(fā)泡反應(yīng),從而提高了粒子界面的結(jié)合力,增加了泡沫的壓縮強度;PF與APP經(jīng)復(fù)配后加入到聚氨酯發(fā)泡體系,通過燃燒時形成的膨脹炭層可以起到良好的阻燃效果,并且顯著增加泡沫的氧指數(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞:酚醛泡沫粒子;碳源;壓縮強度;阻燃DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5770.2015.06.025中圖分類號:TQ323.1文獻標識碼:B文章編號:1005—5770(2015)06—106—05PhysicalRecoveryandFlameRetardantResearchinRigidPolyurethaneFoamofPhen
3、olicFoamHUANGChang—jiang,HELi—fAN,QIUTeng,LIXiao—yu(1.KeyLaboratoryofCarbonFiberandFunctionalPolymers,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,MinistryofEducation,Beijing100029,China;2.CollegeofChemicalEngineering,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,Beijing100029,China)Abstract:Usingwastephenolicfoa
4、mpowderparticlesascarbonsourceandammoniumpolyphosphate(APP)asacidandgassourcetoformanewchemicalexpansionflameretardantcompositesystem,whichwasaddedintothepremixofrigidpolyurethanefoam,anewfoammaterialwithhighflameretardancywaspreparedbywayoffoamingprocess.Inordertoillustratetheeffects,partsofthewas
5、tephenolicfoampowderswerecarbonizedathightemperatures。Theeffectofcontentofflameretardantparticlesoncompressivestrength,modulusofcompressibility,oxygenindex,thermalconductivityandburningsurfaceappearancewerestudied.TheresultsshowedthatthefunctionalgroupsonthesurfaceofPFparticlesparticipatedinthepoly
6、urethanefoamingreaction,thusimprovingthebindingforceoftheparticlesinterfaceandthecompressivestrengthofthefoam.AfterPFparticlescompositewithAPPwereaddedintothepolyurethanefoamingsystem,theformedintumescentcharlayerthroughburningplayedagoodflameretardanteffectandtheoxygenindexofthefoamwassignificantl
7、yincreased.Keywords:PhenolicFoamParticles;CarbonSource;CompressiveStrength;FlameRetardant聚氨酯泡沫具有導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)低、質(zhì)輕、比強度高、學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)改性技術(shù),在氨基甲酸酯分子結(jié)構(gòu)中引人難粘接性強等特點?,是一種廣泛使用的保溫材料。燃、耐溫的環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)化合物或引入具有難燃結(jié)構(gòu)但是未經(jīng)阻燃改性的聚氨酯泡沫的氧指數(shù)僅為19%,的聚合物等。其